So maybe, if someone like Tony Gwynn arrived in the big leagues tomorrow, we wouldn't value him quite the way we appreciated him in his own time. He batted at least .300 against 32 of those 38 pitchers, including Tom Glavine, Nolan Ryan, John Smoltz and Orel Hershiser. More consistently than most major-league . Many see 30 count and notice that there are 312 plate appearances (PA) something the original meme creator might have rounded down to 310. Well, except one. He batted .462 with 12 extra-base hits off John Smoltz. 25 bids - Price: $170.50 - Watchers: 86. If Maddux was the robot of pitchers, then Tony Gwynn is the robot of hitters. Greg Maddux; H. Hack Wilson; Hank Aaron; Hank Greenberg; Hanley Ramrez; Harmon Killebrew; Harold Baines; Honus Wagner; Greg Maddux vs. Tony Gwynn. However, since this is speculative, we cannot include that in the verdict. With the specter of a strike hanging over the game, he ramped it up in August, hitting .475 in the 10 games before the game was stopped due to the labor strife. Because, thanks to him, you never had to dread that annual spring assignment of picking the batting champ. Against the Braves' Hall of Fame trio, Gwynn fared pretty well. How great was Gwynns 1994 season? America's Pastime. Reality: Greg Maddux faced 20,421 batters during his career. He lives in Michigan where he writes, runs, and enjoys a good orange soda now and again. That jump-started arguably the hottest 20-game streak of his career. That six-hit game deserves closer examination. One split for pitchers is Count/Balls-Strikes. This shows opposing batter stats in situations that can be grouped into three categories: plate appearances that ended on a certain count, plate appearances that go beyond a certain count, and plate appearances with certain miscellaneous characteristics. The best memes from Instagram, Facebook, Vine, and Twitter about tony gwynn. You just cant do it, Maddux said. He had three different seasons in which he hit .370 or higher. Only Ty Cobb, who won 12, all before 1920, had more. And in the only season he didn't -- in 1990 -- he missed by one hit. Other Colleges and Conferences. Greg Maddux, Robin Roberts, Warren Spahn, Orel Hershiser. In 20 seasons he struck out a total of 434 times most hitters today strike out that much in three seasons. Is it wrong that I'm STILL not over letting him go as a free agent? Maddux is a Hall of Famer and he struck out more than 3,000 batters in his career, but the one batter he faced the most often San Diegos #19 never fanned against him. He had 45 games of four or more hits, so it was more likely to see him get four hits than it was to see him strike out more than once. How incredible was Gwynns career batting mark? He led the league with 220 hits, becoming the oldest player to do so. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. Chipper Jones pummeled Randy Johnson. I read earlier that in 323 combined career PAs against Maddux, Glavine, Smoltz, and Pedro Martinez, Gwynn struck out only three times. Going back to 1961, the first year of expansion, that's far and away the highest average for any hitter with at least 3,000 plate . Greg Maddux faced 20,421 batters in his career. Order the book at store.bookbaby.com. He finished his illustrious Hall of Fame career with a 3.16 ERA, 3,371 strikeouts, 17 Gold Gloves, and one of the best two-seamers ever thrown. Perhaps the greatest pure hitter of his generation, the back of Gwynn's baseball card has enough nuggets and oddities to keep trivia buffs busy for days. In fact, according to the Elias Sports Bureau's Steve Hirdt, no hitter born since 1918 (i.e., since Ted Williams) has even gotten 2,000 hits and had an average this high. Gwynn has seven of those seasons, the most of any player in that span. The last player to finish his career with a higher average was Ted Williams' .344 mark. That was hit #4 and it helped spark a three-run rally that helped the Padres tie the score 10-10. Here are seven (and trust us, there are plenty more) ridiculous stats from San Diego Padres legend Tony Gwynn's incredible 20-year career: [Special shout out to Fox Sports'Erik Malinowski and ESPN's Jayson Stark who dug up most of these incredible statistics. No hitter born after 1900 reached 3,000 hits in fewer games (2,284) or at-bats (8,874) than Gwynn. That will include, among pitchers, Greg M. Then again, he also didn't play baseball in an age when we were obsessed with walks, or on-base-percentage, or wRC+. It dropped to 4.9% in 1993 and was only higher than 5% in one of his remaining seasons (2002). For more details, review our, a fantastic quote that Maddux once had about Gwynn, Padres 16-year-old prospect turning heads in spring training, Kyle Busch addresses his surprising newfound fan support, Embarrassing graphic of Russell Westbrook goes viral, Mike McCarthy reveals where he and Kellen Moore clashed, Ex-World Series champion likely to make Dodgers roster, LeBron James inserts himself into tweet wishing reporter well. A few years ago, a meme surfaced featuring a crazy Greg . So maybe we never saw Hornsby or Wagner or Tris Speaker hit a baseball. Gwynn is a .431 career hitter (25-for-58) against the Atlanta ace. His 6-for-7 performance raised Gwynns average to .357, though he would lose the batting title that season to Andres Galarraga, who batted .370 for Colorado. Tony Gwynn is my favorite baseball player and he always will be. If Gwynns 20-year career were split into two careers, 10 seasons apiece, he would rank first and second in franchise history in runs, hits, total bases and doubles. That was the first time in THREE YEARS that Gwynn had gone more than two games without a hit, and the first time in FIVE YEARS that he had gone more than 11 at-bats without getting a base hit. Even in his era, Gwynns contact rate was far and away the best of the great hitters. than of two or more strikeouts (34). He won 18 Gold Gloves, the record for any position. 97 players struck out 20 or more times in May of 2014 alone (, If Gwynn went 0 for 4 for the next 295 games he would still have a career average over .300, per. We'll be proud to tell our grandchildren we did. Ty Cobb, Rogers Hornsby and Al Simmons did so before him. The baseball world was mourning the passing of one of its most beloved players on Monday, as San Diego Padres legend Tony Gwynn lost his battle with cancer at the age of 54. What's league average for batting average with bases loaded? But Gwynn also extended that success to other fine pitchers, such as Madduxs teammate John Smoltz. Last Saturday, Gwynn faced a pitcher, Livan Hernandez, who was born 31 years after Jenkins and who was pitching for a franchise and a wild-card spot that did not exist when . Two vs. Glavine. He hit .303 against fellow lefty Tom Glavine and struck out twice in 105 times at the plate . Think about that: for five years from July of 1991 to April 1996, Gwynn never had an 0-for-12 at any time. He released his first book, Volume I of A Complete History of the Major League Baseball Playoffs, in October of 2021. Sometimes hitters can pick up differences in spin. Maddux made his debut with the Chicago Cubs in 1986, so we do not have any pitch count data for his first two seasons in the majors. On June 21, Gwynn started a 19-game hitting streak in which he hit .429 with 36 hits and more power (he hit five homers). Aztec Sports and Conference Discussions. Gwynn batted .300 in every season but his rookie year, giving him a record 19 straight seasons above .300. But this Saturday would have been Gwynn's 60th birthday. He thinks he might have an idea of why hes receiving some newfound fan support., An embarrassing graphic involving Russell Westbrook has gone viral. 2004 Upper Deck Ultimate Collection ~ Game Patch ~ Tony Gwynn /75 BeautyF Patch! One more thing: I took the top four vote-getters and went back to Twitter to post a couple of polls. six-time NL batting champion Tony Gwynn is . But Gwynn got every one of his hits in the National League. NAME AB H HR RBI K AVG; Gwynn: 94: 39: 0: 9: 0.415: Maddux is indisputably one of the top pitchers in MLB history, racking up 355 career victories, four Cy Young Awards . Greg Maddux (94 ABs) and Pedro Martinex (135 ABs) never recorded a K against the Padres outfielder.No hitter born after 1900 reached 3,000 hits in fewer games (2,284) or at-bats (8,874) than Gywnn. Greg Maddux once explained that you could trick any hitter into not being able to read the speed of a pitch"Except for that fucking Tony Gwynn." G/O Media may get a commission 13% off And I have a feeling that won't change -- for about the next 12 centuries: Gwynn hit .338 over a 20-year career. The great players are usually the ones who are able to maintain their skills later than their contemporaries. In 2007, Gwynn was inducted into the Hall of Fame after receiving 532 of 545 votes -- the 10th-highest total in MLB history. Press J to jump to the feed. No hitter can tell the difference in speed of different pitches, Maddux told Thomas Boswell, except that goddamned Tony Gwynn.. Elliott: Kings use their heads over hearts in trading Jonathan Quick, This fabled orchid breeder loves to chat just not about Trader Joes orchids, After four decades, trainer Ed Moger gets his first Triple Crown starter, An exclusive look at details of Chip Kellys two-year contract extension from UCLA, His shoe game is pretty tight. Why Dodgers hope Miguel Rojas play matches his swag, Rats in the laundry? He's the best hitter I've seen in 35 years.". Goes to show just how dominant the Big Unit could be, even against one of the best hitters in baseball history. Against Nolan Ryan, Gwynn hit .302, and he famously never struck out against Maddux in 91 at-bats. For his career against all pitchers Gwynn hit .302 with two strikes. Why? *Gwynn never struck out more than 40 times in a season. Draft: Drafted by the San Diego Padres in the 3rd round of the 1981 MLB June Amateur Draft from San Diego State University (San Diego, CA). What Rogers Hornsby and Honus Wagner were to their generation, that's what the late, great Tony Gwynn was to his generation. How many times did Tony Gwynn record four hits in a game? Another foot either way and it would have been a hit. * Andy Van Slyke, now an ESPN announcer, batted .343 (23-for-67) with four home runs and 11 walks. Tony Gwynn stroked a run-scoring double for the San Diego Padres against the Chicago Cubs in 1994. . He banged out three hits two nights later against the Dodgers, two more in each of his next two games against the Marlins, and he didnt stop hitting, building a 20-game hitting streak that ran until June 10th. Gregory Alan Maddux was a Major League Baseball player who pitched for the Chicago Cubs (1986-1998), Atlanta Braves (1993-2003), Chicago Cubs (2004-2006), Los Angeles Dodgers (2006), San Diego Padres (2007-2008), and Los Angeles Dodgers (2008). Mark Loretta had 208 hits in 2004. The Los Angeles Lakers star James, who is currently sidelined with a foot injury, tweeted, You can unsubscribe anytime. They can be viewed by season or over an entire career. How about .444 career average with the bases loaded. Greg Maddux (94 ABs) and Pedro Martinex (135 ABs) never recorded a K against the Padres outfielder. More on Gwynn's lack of strikeouts: He faced some great pitchers, but even the cream of the crop had trouble getting him out. Players. The Braves tie it but Daryle Ward takes Maddux deep for a 2-1 edge. Except for that (expletive) Tony Gwynn.. San Diego State Aztecs. The Los Angeles slugger is 0-for-17 lifetime against Maddux. Fun/impressive fact: In 107 PAs, Maddux never struck out Tony Gwynn. Sports. He previously worked for the National Baseball Hall of Fame, and Major League Baseball Advanced Media. He would have to go 0 for his next 1,183 at-bats to fall under .300. Its really hard to pick a periodin one of Gwynns 20 seasons and say definitively that it was the hottest stretch of his career. They can identify pitches if there are different release points or if a curveball starts with an upward hump as it leaves the pitchers hand. Except for that (expletive) Tony Gwynn." -Greg Maddux. * Bip Roberts, now in Kansas City, hit .471 (16-for-34) with seven walks. DarthIntegral JCC FODEUSS Commish VIP - Former Mod/RSA VIP - Game Host. There is also a line called Unknown count there are 321 plate appearances where we dont know what the count was on the final pitch. Only 133 of them saw a 3-0 count. Greg Maddux's long and successful career was defined by his ability to change up his pitches and keep hitters off-balance. As we outlined in #2 above, Gwynn tore apart Greg Maddux to the tune of a .429 career average and he NEVER struck out against the Hall of Fame hurler. In fact, Gwynn owns the top three single-game assist tallies in Aztecs history -- with his 18 dimes against UNLV on Feb. 5, 1980, as the most. It was the third straight game he failed to get a hit (even though he had been on fire that month and his batting average was still at .403 after the three hitless games). Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts. If you were going to do it you had to get him the first time you saw him (through lack of unfamiliarity) or by having a trick pitch of some sort. The greatest lineups ever? Wake up to the day's most important news. In the third inning, Gwynn singled to right. Greg Maddux. Would Gwynn have hit .400 that season? These miscellaneous characteristics include all counts with a certain number of balls or strikes as well as first pitch, pitcher ahead, count even, and batter ahead. But Gwynn also extended that success to other fine pitchers, such as Maddux's teammate John Smoltz. Most players have a disadvantage when they are facing pitchers of the same stripe as them. Gross tubs? Para muchos Tony Gwynn es uno de los mejores bateadores en la historia del beisbol de la MLB, razn por la que el premio al champion bat de la Liga Nacional lleva su nombre, pero cmo le fue este grande con el madero contra otras dos leyendas en Pedro Martnez y . He had at least two hits in his first five games and hit safely in his first twelve. New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast, The subreddit for the bat-and-ball sport played between two teams of nine players. Only 310 saw a 3-0 count, and 177 of those were intentional walks. **, Press J to jump to the feed. Gwynn also had incredible success against many ofthe best strikeout pitchers. His streak of 18 consecutive .300 seasons from 1983 until 2000 is only surpassed by Ty Cobb's run of 23 straight years. Gwynn was on several mediocre teams and he often hit ahead of guys who did not make good contact. In 2.440 career games, Gwynn struck out twice in a game only 34 times. The latest stats, facts, news and notes on Tony Gwynn of the San Diego Gwynn has seven of those seasons . He hit .400 or better against eight different Cy Young winners -- Greg Maddux, John Smoltz, Bret Saberhagen, Vida Blue, John Denny, Dennis Eckersley, Mark Davis and Doug Drabek -- and batted . Last season, 129 players had struck out 22 times by the end of April. No hitter born after 1900 reached 3,000 hits in fewer games (2,284) or at-bats (8,874) than Gywnn. Across his 23 seasons, he walked 999 hitters. Find the newest tony gwynn meme. Even against hitters who can hurt them, they rarely change much from how they approach every hitter. They were the 307th set of brothers in Major League Baseball history. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. Here are seven crazy stats and facts, in no particular order. Winner of eight batting titles, Gwynn finished in the top five for the league's best average 13 times from 1984 through 1997. It occurred on August 4, 1993, against the Giants on a weekday evening at Jack Murphy Stadium in San Diego. * Dante Bichette is 1-for-9 and Colorado teammate Vinny Castilla is 0-for-8. He hit .400 or better against eight different Cy Young winners -- Greg Maddux, John Smoltz, Bret Saberhagen, Vida Blue, John Denny, Dennis Eckersley, Mark Davis and Doug Drabek -- and batted at . Full quote: "Sometimes hitters can pick up differences in spin. He was intentionally walked by Maddux six times, the most intentional walks that Gwynn received from any enemy pitcher. If we apply that percentage to the 845 batters he faced in his first two seasons, that makes 43.6, which rounds up to 44. Throughout his 20 years in the league, Gwynn would wield his bat and give opposing pitchers nightmares while putting up astounding numbers on the stat sheet. Even better man and family man. 2023 BuzzFeed, Inc. All rights reserved. Gwynn faced Tom Glavine, Greg Maddux, Pedro Martinez and John Smoltz a combined 323 times. As they age, batters platoon splits usually get more pronounced. In the seventh, Gwynn got his third hit, a double to left field off Dave Righetti. Sa fortune s lve 2 000,00 euros mensuels . The bad news is they are all in slightly cryptic puzzles. There are few ballplayers in the history of Major League Baseball that were as skilled in the batters box than Hall of Famer Tony Gwynn, who passed away on Monday. Kinda random it was just these two especially Pedro Martinez since it was probably only the beginning of his career when they were facing eachother. La plupart des retraits . Tony Gwynn was the only player to have struck out Maddux 107 times. In that game, Gwynn lined a two-run double in the bottom of the ninth off Dennis Eckersley to tie the game and send it to extra innings. . Tony Gwynn owned Greg Maddux, and Mad-Dog knew it. Runs scored is an opportunity stat, and it really has little to do with how good a player is. Tony Gwynn won eight batting titles and hit .300 in 19 of his 20 major league seasons. No 3,000-hit man who was born after 1900 had a higher lifetime batting average than Gwynn (.338). For the 20-game batting streak in May and June, Gwynn hit an incredible .494 (39-for-79) with a .534 on-base percentage. He had a swing that made pitchers cry themselves to sleep. On the morning of June 11th his mark was at .409 after another three-hit game against St. Louis at Qualcomm Stadium the night before. In those three seasons, Maddux faced 3,060 batters, and 158 roughly 5.1% saw a 30 count. Aztec Recruiting. Fun/impressive fact: In 107 PAs, Maddux never struck out Tony Gwynn. Gwynn hit .400 for a stretch as long as a season: from July 3, 1993 to May 9, 1995, he batted .403 over a 179-game stretch. During his career, Tony won batting titles by 32 points (1987), 30 points (1984), 28 points (1994), 22 points (1995), and 17 points (1996). But Gwynn wasnt done showing off his old bat. His 45 games with at least four hits is 10th all-time (since 1954), and ranks fourth among left-handed batters behind Wade Boggs, George Brett, and Rod Carew. In this installment of Baseball Mythbusters, we will look at Greg Maddux and the 30 count. As we outlined in #2 above, Gwynn tore apart Greg Maddux to the tune of a .429 career average and he NEVER struck out against the Hall of Fame hurler. Neither Pedro Martinez nor Greg Maddux ever struck him out.Maddux faced Gwynn 107 times and Gwynn hit .415 off Maddux. Thats essentially a full seasons worth of plate appearances exclusively against Hall of Famers. The stat: Maddux faced 20,421 batters during his time in the league. Ronald Acuna vs Juan Soto Comparison. From 1993 to 1997, his best five-year stretch, when he won four batting titles, Gwynn hit .368, a mark that was more than 30 points ahead of the next closest batter, Mike Piazza (.337). I dont know that much about baseball but I wonder why Tony Gwynns WAR ranking is so low. They signed Xander Bogaerts, re-signed Manny Machado, and last year they pulled off trades for Juan Soto and, Kyle Busch is in a new car and part of a new racing team this year, and he seems to also have some new fans. Among the 38 pitchers he faced at least 50 times, his lowest average was a .243 mark against Dwight Gooden. Gwynn hit below .300 just once in his career, his rookie season. He started in 25 games. Tony Eusebio gives Houston an early lead with an RBI single off Greg Maddux. Gwynn hit a blistering .444 off Smoltz and only struck out once against the hard thrower. While most left-handed batters are declining and being rested against southpaws in their twilight years, Gwynn was punishing them. The next day at home against the Dodgers, Gwynn went 3-for-3 with a pair of doubles off Ismael Valdez. Scott only fanned Tony three times in 95 matchups. Maddux was a tough competitor, earning the nickname Mad Dog for his intense focus. Since Gwynn debuted in 1982, a hitter has finished a season with a batting average above .350 only 46 times. He gets more of the bat on the ball on some pitches than anyone else, Maddux said. The pitcher that Gwynn faced most often was Greg Maddux, which makes sense since the two were in the National League together for 15 seasons. He is the treasurer for the Hemond-Delhi Chapter of the Society for American Baseball Research (SABR) and also is a USSF and AIA soccer referee. Gwynn faced Greg Maddux 107 times in his career more than any other pitcher. To find how many hitters faced a 30 count against Greg Maddux, we must look at the row labeled After 30. This brings us to the correct number 644. You didn't get Tony Gwynn out, Maddux used to say. Gwynns four games of five hits or more in 1993 are tied with Ichiro Suzuki (2004) for the most by one player in a season since 1970. Amazing strikeout stat No. #Padres Tony Gwynn faced Greg Maddux 107 times in his career, more than any other pitcher; Gwynn batted .415, Maddux never struck him out. He hit .415 (in 107 plate appearances) vs. Greg Maddux, .303 against Tom Glavine (105 PA) and .444 against Smoltz (75 PA). I read earlier that in 323 combined career PAs against Maddux, Glavine, Smoltz, and Pedro Martinez, Gwynn struck out only three times. Basically if you're a legendary pitcher, good luck with Tony Gwynn. Greg Maddux had my favorite . Tony Gwynn is the greatest pure hitter I have ever witnessed. In 1995 he went 35 games without striking out. In the twelfth, San Diego put together a rally, Gwynn lining a single to center for his sixth hit of the game to send the winning run to third base. My Have List is linked in my signature. One reason was his pinpoint control, with his ability to notch front-corner strikes leading to claims that umpires gave him a much wider strike zone than the rest of the league. Those 13 walks are the most anyone has drawn. Some NFL teams dont make the grade, players say, New era of football begins at Mater Dei under coach Frank McManus. Greg Maddux could put a baseball through a Life Saver if you asked him. It means Tony Gwynn would have had to go 0-for-his-next-1,183 to get his average to fall under .300 (and even then, it would have "plummeted" to a mere .29997). A year ago he suggested that today's livelier baseball would result in Gwynn hitting significantly more home runs without changing his swing. Boggs had a much better batting eye than Tony did, he knew how to work the strike zone better and did a much better job of getting on base. Part of HuffPost News. In addition, Gwynns nine five-hit games rank second all-time to Pete Rose, who had 10. Greg Maddux' Command. No hitter who has played his entire career since the invention of the designated hitter has accumulated as many hits as Gwynn (3,141) without spending a large portion of his career in the American League. You never feel like youre getting in a real good swing, a swing youre happy with, a swing with follow-through, the San Diego star said. On the day he retired 13 years ago, I took a look at his incredible hitting genius, measured through the columns on the stat sheet he owned like no one else -- the batting average column, the hits column and the strikeouts (or lack thereof) column. Maddux was also a good hitting pitcher, with a career . SAN DIEGO -- There's never a bad time to rehash the insane numbers Tony Gwynn put up during his 20 Hall of Fame seasons in San Diego. Tony Gwynn: man or machine? Hall of Famer Greg Maddux is one of the greatest pitchers of the Live Ball Era. Rather famously, Gwynn struck out three times in a game only once -- against Bob Welch and the Los Angeles Dodgers in 1986. 307 - Tony Gwynn has a younger brother, Chris Gwynn, who played for the Los Angeles Dodgers (1987-1991), Kansas City Royals (1992-1993), Los Angeles Dodgers (1994-1995), and San Diego Padres . Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. Gwynn hit a blistering .444 off Smoltz and only struck out once against the hard thrower . He is the author of A Complete History of the Major League Baseball Playoffs and has covered the Arizona Diamondbacks for Last Word on Baseball since 2019. Aztec Mesa Archives. Free shipping for many products! Otherwise, you werent going to strike him out. But if a pitcher can change speeds, every hitter is helpless, limited by human vision. Theres no need to add myths to the equation. The baseball world is mourning the loss of Hall of Famer and "Mr. Padre" Tony Gywnn the best way it knows how: by remembering how incredible a player he was. Same with Joaquin Andujar, Rob Murphy, and Kevin Brown, all of whom battled Gwynn at least 25 times. Nolan Ryan struck out Tony Gwynn more than any other pitcher with 9. Defensively Wade was very underrated as a third baseman. In the history of baseball, only Ty Cobb and Nap Lajoie got there faster -- and when they played, the gloves were made of the same material as those trains they rode on. But we were lucky enough to see Tony Gwynn fire baseballs all over the field, into open spaces from coast to coast, for 20 years. Lets just make sure were using the right number when describing Madduxs stats. 19. In fact, in 1994, Gwynn batted an absurd .397 in two-strike counts. Even our favorite pitching robot, Greg Maddux, had this to say about him: Sad about Tony Gwynn's passing. Thats how you maintain an astronomical batting average year after year. The LA Clippers entered Friday 0-4 since adding Westbrook. Aztec Ticket Exchange. There are batting, pitching, and fielding stats available for every player on the site. Tony Gwynn hit .415 against Greg Maddux and (expletive) did not strike out even once in 107 plate appearances! He was 39-for-91 off the right-hander, with eight doubles and a triple. Amazing strikeout stat No. So, as a result, in 287 plate appearances against Hall of Famers Maddux/Glavine/Smoltz, Gwynn only struck out three times while hitting .381. See his various events you wish you could of seen. Against Randy Johnson, however, Gwynn slashed .111/.111/.167 for a .278 OPS with no walks and five strikeouts . We cant know for sure how many of the 1986-87 hitters faced a 30 count, but chances are good that the percentage is greater than or equal to his subsequent seasons in Chicago.
James Burke Lacrosse Net Worth,
Does Medicare Cover Pcr Covid Test For Travel,
Articles T