The .gov means its official. . The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the 2014;2014:941085. doi:10.1155/2014/941085. In some studies, silibinin, an active component of milk thistle, has been shown to have estrogen-like effects. Trigonella foenum-graecum(fenugreek)also is used for this reason. Disclaimer. Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. Medical research suggests that milk thistle, combined with traditional treatment, can improve diabetes. Theres some evidence that milk thistle can treat cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis, which can be caused by alcohol abuse, autoimmune disease, or viruses. Milk thistle. Nevertheless, pregnant women, those allergic to the Asteraceae family of plants, those with diabetes and anyone with an estrogen-sensitive condition should seek medical advice before taking it. In: Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed). Accessed at naturalmedicines.therapeuticresearch.com on April 1, 2020. Version: 2.01. Generic name: milk thistle [MILK-THIH-sull] Not available for orders containing UltraNourish. Milk thistle may be useful in treating liver disease, cancer, and diabetes. From aloe to honey, you might be surprised what basic ingredients can help improve breakouts. 2019;33(6):1627-1638. doi:10.1002/ptr.6361. It is native to Mediterranean countries. Milk thistle Uses, Side Effects & Warnings - Drugs.com The flavonoid complex silymarin in preclinical studies has been found to increase serotonin and dopamine levels in the cortex. Milk thistle. By Brittany Lubeck, RD Milk thistle - Mayo Clinic The best doses of milk thistle have not been established for any condition it may be used to treat. This article will explore the uses of milk thistle and research on its potential benefits. (silymarin) extract supplementation on antioxidant status and hs-CRP in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. If we combine this information with your protected It is not known whether milk thistle will harm an unborn baby. Milk thistle has been used in alternative medicine as a possibly effective aid in treating heartburn, or seasonal allergy symptoms. Some medications have been known to interact with milk thistle negatively. Historically, people have used milk thistle for liver disorders and gallbladder problems. The terms milk thistle and silymarin are often used interchangeably. 2022 Nov 29;23(23):14968. doi: 10.3390/ijms232314968. However, many of these potential benefits are not backed by science. Satisfaction. Silymarin: not just another antioxidant. Accessed Oct. 30, 2020. All rights reserved. A survey conducted in the U.S. reported that 23% of those polled used herbal supplements for their hepatitis C, with milk thistle being the most common choice. Some, but not all, milk thistle supplements are vegan. Copyright 1996-2023 Cerner Multum, Inc. Am J Gastroenterol. Prasad RR, Paudel S, Raina K, Agarwal R. Silibinin and non-melanoma skin cancers. Uses of Lavender: Everything You Need to Know, 11 Popular Natural Remedies for the Common Cold, Natural Remedies for Alcohol Use Disorder, The therapeutic potential of milk thistle in diabetes, Milk thistle for alcoholic and/or hepatitis B or C virus liver diseases, Silymarin as supportive treatment in liver diseases: a narrative review, Herbal product use by persons enrolled in the hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term Treatment Against Cirrhosis (HALT-C) Trial, Effect of silymarin (milk thistle) on liver disease in patients with chronic hepatitis C unsuccessfully treated with interferon therapy: a randomized controlled trial, Effects of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. Milk thistle may have been combined with other plants or extracts in a specific preparation to treat these conditions. DISCUSSION: Why do I feel better with Milk Thistle? Milk thistle is native to Europe and was introduced into North America by early colonists. Anticancer Drugs. Osteoporosis is a disease caused by progressive bone loss. People with diabetes should use caution. a history of endometriosis or uterine fibroids. Some studies also show milk thistle may help people whose liver is damaged by industrial toxins, such as toluene and xylene. Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center: About Herbs: Milk thistle., Natural Standard Patient Monograph: Milk thistle.. Benefits. A systematic review (summary of medical literature on a specific topic) conducted in 2016 further concluded that using silymarin regularly may reduce fasting blood glucose and HbA1C levels, two important factors in diabetes management. In clinical trials, milk thistle appears to be well tolerated in recommended doses. Efficacy and safety of milk thistle preventive treatment of anti - LWW Milk thistle is often sold as an herbal supplement. information highlighted below and resubmit the form. Some researchers have suggested milk thistle benefits when treating osteoporosis after menopause, and it's a commonly used supplement in the U.S. Silymarin, an active component of milk thistle, may improve liver function and reduce symptoms of cirrhosis, or scarring of the liver. One study questioned the benefits of milk thistle for liver diseases. 5 It was found that there was no significant difference between milk thistle and Prozac for OCD symptoms. Studies have shown improvements in liver function in people with liver diseases who have taken a milk thistle supplement, suggesting it could help reduce liver inflammation and liver damage (9). Elsevier; 2021. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Milk thistle and its antioxidant properties are promising in managing OCD symptoms but it may also be beneficial to explore other herbs for OCD treatment to bolster and round out a supplement regimen. 2015;26(5):475486. The nutritional content varies for each brand, so be sure to . By lowering LDL "bad" cholesterol levels, milk thistle may lower the chance of developing heart disease. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. Silymarin is an active component of milk thistle, which is not found in foods. Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database: "Milk Thistle Monograph. Nouri-Vaskeh M, Malek Mahdavi A, Afshan H, Alizadeh L, Zarei M. Effect of curcumin supplementation on disease severity in patients with liver cirrhosis: a randomized controlled trial. Common side effects of milk thistle may include: indigestion, bloating, gas, stomach pain; This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. You'll soon start receiving the latest Mayo Clinic health information you requested in your inbox. In 2010, a double-blind, placebo-controlled study compared the effects of milk thistle to the antidepressant Prozac (fluoxetine) in treating OCD (600 milligrams of milk thistle vs 30 milligrams of Prozac daily). Milk thistle can trigger allergic reactions. Accessed Oct. 30, 2020. It could interact with many drugs, including some that treat high cholesterol, infections, insomnia, and blood pressure. Milk thistle is generally considered safe when taken by mouth (1, 45). The survey revealed anecdotal evidence of the improved quality of life among those who took milk thistle, despite having no measurable improvements in hepatitis symptoms like liver inflammation. 2023 Healthline Media LLC. However, there is a lack of . The data is very limited, but one randomized controlled study found that mothers taking 420 mg of silymarin for 63 days produced 64% more milk than those taking a placebo (37). . Fried, M.; Navarro, V.; Afdhal, N. et al. The silymarin extracted from milk thistle is known to have antioxidant, antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties (2, 3, 4). What Are the Risks of Taking Milk Thistle? Epub 2016 Dec 22. 2008;47(2):605-12. doi:10.1002/hep.22044, Fried MW, Navarro VJ, Afdhal N, et al. Keep in mind that supplement use should be individualized and vetted by a healthcare professional, such as a registered dietitian, pharmacist, or healthcare provider. What Is Complementary, Alternative, or Integrative Health? About curcumin, it isn't usually a problem but if you're on IMAOs you may like to read a bit before taking high doses. ; Extensively studied; effective in treatment of cirrhosis, hepatitis, chemical- or . In fact, a recent review and analysis found that people routinely taking silymarin experienced a significant reduction in their fasting blood sugar levels and HbA1c, a measure of blood sugar control (44). doi:10.1097/CAD.0000000000000211, Fallah M, Davoodvandi A, Nikmanzar S, et al. Milk thistle is effective at naturally reversing toxicity in the body, including the harmful . 2014;10(1):31-35. doi:10.17925/EE.2014.10.01.31. We encourage you to discuss any decisions about treatment or care with your health care provider. Milk thistle is taken by mouth most often for liver disorders, including liver damage caused by chemicals, alcohol, and chemotherapy, as well as liver damage caused by Amanita phalloides (death cap) mushroom poisoning, jaundice, chronic inflammatory liver disease, cirrhosis of the liver, and chronic hepatitis. How Does Cirrhosis Affect Life Expectancy? Depression, Milk Thistle, Mood, Silibum Marianum (milk thistle), Silymarin. Researchers also have found that milk thistle improved insulin resistance, a key part of type 2 diabetes. Substances in milk thistle may reduce blood sugar, a concern for people living with diabetes. Other drugs may interact with milk thistle, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. New Treatments That May Change the Game, The Latest Research on Advanced Prostate Cancer. Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. There is not enough scientific data to say whether or not milk thistle can help liver problems. Its unclear if milk thistle has the same effects in people without diabetes. FREE standard shipping only available in the contiguous United States. JAMA. Drugs.com provides accurate and independent information on more than 24,000 prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines and natural products. Its regularly used as a complementary therapy by people who have liver damage due to conditions like alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatitis and even liver cancer (1, 5, 6). Pizzorono JE, et al., eds. 2015;22(2):290-6. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2014.12.010. 2023 Dotdash Media, Inc. All rights reserved, Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. (silymarin) extract supplementation on antioxidant status and hs-CRP in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. In some cases it may be useful in treating these cancers, but studies have yet to fully demonstrate the safety and efficacy of milk thistle use. This may be because people arent able to absorb enough to get a medicinal effect. Follow all directions on the product label and package. Milk Thistle: Health Benefits, Safety Information, Dosage, and More - WebMD Its unclear what benefits, if any, it may have in the body, but its sometimes used as a natural treatment for things including cirrhosis, jaundice, hepatitis, and gallbladder disorders. Fluoxetine (Prozac), for instance, clocks in at roughly $16 for 21 capsules if youre buying with the drugs.com discount card, but the side effects are often not as easy to swallow (3). Some of the studies have been of poor quality, too. This publication is not copyrighted and is in the public domain. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. However, few of these claims are supported by solid evidence. A small number of studies have suggested that milk thistle extract might be beneficial for diabetes, but the conclusions about its effectiveness are not definite. Moreover, silibinin was able to attenuate the neuronal damage in the hippocampus of A1-42-injected rats. Receive the latest, most useful health and wellness articles, tips, special discounts on nutritional supplements and so much more. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. Copyright 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. 2023 May;475(5):621-635. doi: 10.1007/s00424-023-02795-y. One study also found that it may slightly extend the life expectancy of people with cirrhosis of the liver due to alcoholic liver disease (10). JIN_FK8R Please rate my stack I know I'm Fxxked up for now. It is not known whether milk thistle passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Accessed Oct. 30, 2020. Song X, Zhou B, Zhang P, Lei D, Wang Y, Yao G, Hayashi T, Xia M, Tashiro S, Onodera S, Ikejima T. Neurochem Res. The Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine, second edition, 2004. Do not use different forms (tablets, liquid, extract, teas, etc) of milk thistle at the same time without medical advice. People may also find it painful and worry about its effects on their appearance. health information, we will treat all of that information as protected health Medically reviewed by Drugs.com on Sep 29, 2022. Hepatology. Also known as Silybum marianum, milk thistle is a perennial herb native to many continents and countries across the globe, including Southern Europe, Southern Russia, Asia Minor, Northern Africa, and the Americas. Before It is also unknown whether milk thistle is safe for children. However, the evidence is conflicting. However, one area of milk thistle research focuses on how it affects bone marrow, which contributes to overall bone health but also has implications in treating diseases like multiple myeloma, a type of blood cancer. When looking at Milk Thistle itself (prior to any extraction), the fruits or thistles contain: Silymarin at 1.5-3% of dry weight (to be elucidated later) [2] Silyhermin and both Neosilyhermin A and B [2]; Protein and Mucilage (taking up 25-30% of the herb by dry weight) [2] Quercetin and the dihydro varient known as Taxifolin [2]; Kaempferol, Dihydrokaempferol, and the 7-glucoside and 3 . Summary The active ingredients in milk thistle have been shown in animals to improve the effects of some cancer treatments. Milk thistle has been shown in experimental test-tube and animal studies to stimulate bone mineralization and potentially be protective against bone loss (22, 23). Milk thistle is a flowering herb native to Europe but is also found in parts of the United States, Australia, Asia, Africa, and South America. Although some studies have shown positive results on milk thistle for people with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, the overall research does not show a benefit. Milk thistle supplements, for . Subjects were assessed with the National Institute of Mental Health Trichotillomania Severity Scale (primary outcome), the Massachusetts General Hospital Hair Pulling Scale, Clinical Global Impression scale, and measures of depression, anxiety, and psychosocial . The mention of any product, service, or therapy is not an endorsement by NCCIH. But the herb is also believed to be beneficial for other health issues. Zargani M, Ramirez-Campillo R, Arabzadeh E. Pflugers Arch. An official website of the United States government. Below is a short list of 4 widely available and very affordable herbs with some serious natural health benefits for OCD sufferers: Before introducing milk thistle into your diet, new supplements or any other herbs for OCD for that matter you should consult your physician. Consult with a licensed healthcare professional before using any herbal/health supplement. Milk thistle is sold as an oral capsule, tablet and liquid extract. Milk thistle has been an important natural remedy for centuries of folk medicine practitioners. Advanced milk thistle extract contains phytonutrients that fight oxidative stress and support liver health. The Clearinghouse does not provide medical advice, treatment recommendations, or referrals to practitioners. We know little about whether milk thistle is effective in people, as only a few well-designed clinical studies have been conducted. While more research into milk thistle, silymarin, and its effectiveness in treating OCD is definitely needed, there is a wealth of information supporting the other health benefits of milk thistle for a host of ailments: Liver Health It is believed that milk thistle and silymarin bolsters liver function by prohibiting toxic substances from binding to liver cells (6). Summary Milk thistle may help lower blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes, though more high-quality studies are needed. Our study provides a new insight into the protective effects of silibinin in the treatment of anxiety/depression. In test-tube and animal studies, silymarin has been shown to prevent oxidative damage to brain cells, which could help prevent mental decline (16, 17). 2012;308(3):274-282. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.8265, Ebrahimpour koujan S, Gargari BP, Mobasseri M, Valizadeh H, Asghari-jafarabadi M. Effects of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. Milk thistle may not be recommended in some situations. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. While the cost of most OCD medications currently available on the market is actually quite reasonable, the common side effects that occur are definitely not. This prickly plant has distinctive purple flowers and white veins, which traditional stories say were caused by a drop of the Virgin Marys milk falling onto its leaves. Its thought to work by making more of the milk-producing hormone prolactin. Since milk thistle may lower blood sugar, people with diabetes should check with their doctor before taking the herb as it may make their blood sugar fall too low. Although more research is needed on how it works, milk thistle is thought to reduce damage to the liver caused by free radicals, which are produced when your liver metabolizes toxic substances. Silibinin-treatment up-regulated the function through BDNF/TrkB pathway and attenuated autophagy in the hippocampus. Milk thistle is found throughout the eastern United States, California, South America, Africa, Australia, and Asia. Little is known about whether its safe to use milk thistle during pregnancy or while breastfeeding. Silybin suppresses cell proliferation and induces apoptosis of multiple myeloma cells via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, Effects and tolerance of silymarin (milk thistle) in chronic hepatitis C virus infection patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, The natural agonist of estrogen receptor silibinin plays an immunosuppressive role representing a potential therapeutic tool in rheumatoid arthritis, Safety and toxicity of silymarin, the major constituent of milk thistle extract: An updated review, Silybin and the liver: from basic research to clinical practice, Effect of curcumin supplementation on disease severity in patients with liver cirrhosis: a randomized controlled trial, Effects of vitamin E on chronic hepatitis C genotype 3: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, Resveratrol for the management of diabetes and its downstream pathologies. This content does not have an English version. According to the International OCD Foundation about half of OCD patients stop taking their medications due to negative side effects. Int J Mol Sci. Summary Milk thistle may increase breast milk production in women who are lactating, though very little research has been done to confirm its effects. Psoriasis (Auckl). Experts believe silymarin is the primary active ingredient of the herb. The benefits of milk thistle may be due to silymarin, an active ingredient found in the herb that is said to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Abdulghani A, Poghosyan M, Mehren A, Philipsen A, Anderzhanova E. Front Mol Neurosci. (silymarin) extract supplementation on antioxidant status and hs-CRP in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Summary Milk thistle extract may help protect the liver against damage caused by disease or poisoning, though more research is needed. (silymarin) extract supplementation on antioxidant status and hs-CRP in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, By Soraiya Ebrahimpour Koujan, Bahram Pourghassem, Gargari Majid, Published February 15, 2015, Retrieved May 5, 2019, 8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28025940, Current Drug Targets, A Mini Review on the Chemistry and Neuroprotective Effects of Silymarin, By Devi KP, Malar , Braidy , Nabavi , Nabavi, Published 2017, Retrieved May 5, 2019, 9. https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/a?dbs+hsdb:@term+@DOCNO+1964, Toxnet, Valerian Root, Reviewed by SRP on 9/9/2014, Retrieved May 5, 2019, 10. https://nccih.nih.gov/research/results/spotlight/040310.htm, National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, Study Shows Chamomile Capsules Ease Anxiety Symptoms, Last Updated October 21, 2015, Retrieved May 5, 2019, 11. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3612440/, Evidence Based Complementary Medicine, Lavender and The Nervous System, Published March 14, 2013, By Peir Hossein Koulivand, Maryam Khaleghi Ghadiri, and Ali Gorji, Retrieved May 5, 2019, 12. https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-437/lemon-balm, WebMD.com, Lemon Balm, Retrieved May 5, 2019, Requirements for using and reposting articles. However, research is not conclusive on its uses. Research shows that the silymarin in milk thistle helps protect the liver from many industrial toxins, such as carbon tetrachloride. Over the Counter & Complementary Therapies | Parkinson's Foundation Call our friendly customer service team at 1-800-569-4994 Weekdays 9am-12:30pm and 1:30pm-5pm EST, Get health news, exclusive offers, and more. Some supplements are close to chemicals in efficacy like saffron (standardized extract) for depression and magnolia bark extract for anxiety. Take charge of your healthtalk with your health care providers about any complementary health approaches you use. Risks. Luckily, more and more experts are turning to natural remedies to answer that question and circumvent the litany of side effects. The natural agonist of estrogen receptor silibinin plays an immunosuppressive role representing a potential therapeutic tool in rheumatoid arthritis. Depression and anxiety are associated with increased risk of developing AD. I think milk thistle is often used in combo with NAC to enhance it's beneficial effects. Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum) for Anxiety? Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. Depression and anxiety are associated with increased risk of developing AD. Recent research has explored the use of milk thistle. They are seen in very high numbers in the brains of people with Alzheimers disease, meaning that milk thistle could potentially be used to help treat this difficult condition (21). However, evidence suggests that milk thistle extracts might be useful in the treatment of mood disorders. We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information. Phytomedicine. Milk thistle may lower blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes. Milk thistle has not been shown to treat or prevent cancer or reduce the side effects of cancer treatment. Website: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/. By using our site, you acknowledge that you have read and understand our. Milk thistle is promoted as a dietary supplement for hepatitis, cirrhosis, jaundice, diabetes, indigestion, and other conditions. Why does zinc cause anxiety and depression for some people? More research is needed before a standard dosage of milk thistle can be recommended, so check with your healthcare provider. Milk thistle may cause an allergic reaction in those with allergies to plants in the same family, like ragweed, chrysanthemum, marigold, and daisy. People who are allergic to artichokes, kiwi, ragweed, daisies, marigolds, and chrysanthemums are at higher risk. But even if youve figured out how to manage the symptoms and compulsions, the side effects of many FDA-approved OCD medications can introduce a wide swath of issues and side effects. Milk Thistle (and liver cleansing) has two workings: it supports the liver and it lowers the inactive rT3 in favour of the active T3. As a liver support and liver aid, milk thistle acts as a powerful liver cleanser by rebuilding liver cells, reducing liver damage and removing toxins from the body that are processed through the liver. J Med Assoc Thai. Milk Thistle Tea: Benefits, Side Effects, and Dosage. Milk Thistle & Silymarin Benefits & Uses (incl. Liver Detox) There is a problem with It's typically recommended to avoid taking multiple supplements for the same cause at the same time. If you choose to use milk thistle, use it as directed on the package or as directed by your doctor, pharmacist, or other healthcare provider. . Some animal studies have shown that milk thistle could be useful for reducing the side effects of cancer treatments (26, 27, 28). Similar supplements to milk thistle include: Please talk with your healthcare provider about the best supplement for you. In this study, the effect of silibinin on A-induced anxiety/depression-like behaviors in rats was investigated. However, there are currently no human studies examining the effects of milk thistle in people with Alzheimers or other neurological conditions like dementia and Parkinsons.
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