Raat, W. Dirk (2015). (1998). Petroglyphs and bell rocks at Cocoraque Butte: Further evidence of the Flower World belief among the Hohokam. The Architecture of the Casa Grande and Its Interpretation, Archaeological Series No. In Wallace, H. D. and Holmlund, J. P., Petroglyphs of the Picacho Mountains, South Central Arizona (Reissue), Anthropological Papers No. Book Valencia Vieja and the origins of Hohokam culture. From a careful consideration of the inception and breadth of each, I argue that Hohokam artisans began to portray these subjects in concert with a religious revitalization movement that drew a degree of inspiration from the south. Fewkes, J. W. (1906). Was Aztec and Mixtec turquoise mined in the American Southwest? Riley, C. L. (2005). Records on the rocks: Strange hieroglyphs mark Arizona archeology. 39, Center for Archaeological Investigations, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, pp. 83103. Kiva 84: 367390. (ed. They were also ferocious warriors For bibliographical references see document 89:Fish and Fish, Field Date: The date the researcher conducted the fieldwork or archival research that produced the document 187204. the hohkam religion was many different gods or goddesses that Hohokam (NT76). (eds. Archaeology of the Southwest, 2nd ed., Academic Press, New York. The Anza Expedition of 17751776: Diary of Pedro Font, edited and translated by F. J. Teggart, Publications of the Academy of Pacific Coast History No. (eds. Their vast canal networks include some canals more than 20 miles long. (ed.) In Noble, D. G. Sending the Spirits Home: The Archaeology of Hohokam Mortuary Practices, University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City. Hohokam Rock Art, Ritual Practice, and Social Transformation in the Phoenix Basin, Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman. Preucel, R. W. (1996). Zuni religion and world view. 178223. The role of the direct historical approach in North American ethnoarchaeology: A northern perspective. Wallace, H. D. (2016). lat: 30.676 ; Rock Art of the Lower Pecos, Texas A&M University Press, College Station. 7583. (eds.) Pattern diffusion from Mexico into the Southwest after AD 600. Tedlock, D. (1985). Whittlesey, S. M. (2004). 7994. (2020). Wallace, H. D., and Ciaccio, R. (2012). Neuzil, A. 64-73 p. ill. By line: Author's name as appearing in the actual publication HRAF's in-house numbering system derived from the processing order of documents. Wallace, H. D., and Lindeman, M. W. (2012). Do Eric benet and Lisa bonet have a child together? (eds. Prehistory: Hohokam. Mexicos Indigenous Past, trans. Thibodeau, A. M., Lpez Lujn, L., Killick, D. J., Berdan, F. F., and Ruiz, J. In Henderson, T. K. vx. Feinman, G. M., and Neitzel, J. E. (2020). Monaghan, G. W., and Herrmann, E. W. (2019). Carrasco, D. (2013). Decorated buffware and brownware ceramics. 513524. They (ed. In Granados, R. G. A., and Spielmann, K. (1994). The Anthropogenic Landscape of Las Capas, an Early Agricultural Irrigation Community in Southern Arizona, Anthropological Papers No. An important aspect about the Hohokam is that they were not a specific human group. Religious beliefs (770); Abstract: Brief abstract written by HRAF anthropologists who have done the subject indexing for the document (eds. Crown, P. L. (1994). Many Hohokam sites are now under modern-day Phoenix. (2005). 4066. The University of Utah Press J. Willard Marriott Library 295 South 1500 East, Suite 5400 Salt Lake City, UT 84112, Winner of the Don D. and Catherine S. Fowler Prize, Brings a scientific calculus to bear on the interpretation of Hohokam rock art that is far more sophisticated than any earlier attempts. David R. Wilcox, adjunct professor of anthropology, Northern Arizona University, and senior research associate, Museum of Northern Arizona. While I appreciate all their assistance, these individuals may not agree with everything presented herein, nor are they responsible for inaccuracies or errors in this work or any that may arise following future research. 3, Arthur H. Clark Company, Cleveland, OH. Lpez Austin, A. The Social Organization of the Tewa of New Mexico, Memoir No. (eds. Doyel, D. E. (1992). Masters (M.A.) Lightning celts and corn fetishes: The Formative Olmec and the development of maize symbolism in Mesoamerica and the American Southwest. Your gift is invested back into tDAR's infrastructure to ensure this community-supported archive is sustainable! In Ortiz, A. A Field Guide to Rock Art Symbols of the Greater Southwest, Johnson Books, Boulder, CO. Pederson, J. L., Chapot, M. S., Simms, S. R., Sohbati, R., Rittenour, T. M., Murray, A. S., and Cox, G. (2014). In Manzanilla, L. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips, Not logged in 45-60. 73120. (ed.) Did Billy Graham speak to Marilyn Monroe about Jesus? A. they sacrificed many different people by throwing them into a fire Some of the scarce data that historians point out about the religion of the Hohokam culture are its polytheistic character and the influence that came from Mesoamerica. In addition to this, it is known that they gave great importance to their deities related to death. According to the remains found, these gods were offered the best offerings. Understanding Maya Inscriptions: A Hieroglyph Handbook, Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. In Fifth Annual Report of the Executive Committee of the Archaeological Institute of America, University Press, Cambridge, MA, pp. 95106. In Cant, R. Hohokam Is Brooke shields related to willow shields? 9, Amerind Foundation, Dragoon, AZ. Molitor, M. (1981). Chapter Plausible ethnographic analogies for the social organization of Hohokam canal irrigation. ), Southwest, Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. ), The Sports of Life and Death: The Mesoamerican Ballgame, Thames and Hudson, New York, pp. Wilcox, D. R. (1986). [34] Classic period social stratification seems likely. The date the researcher conducted the fieldwork or archival research that produced the document, In this alphanumeric code, the first part designates the type of person writing the document, e.g. Pueblo religion and the Mesoamerican connection. ), Proceedings of the Second Salado Conference, Globe, Arizona, 1992, Arizona Archaeological Society, Phoenix, pp. Ortiz, A. (ed. Hawley, F. M. (1930). In Steinbring, J., Watchman, A., Faulstich, P., and Taon, P. S. 38, Gila Pueblo, Globe, AZ. Inside the Neolithic Mind: Consciousness, Cosmos and the Realm of the Gods, Thames and Hudson, London. Schaafsma, P. (1980). 105121. Whittlesey, S. M. (2008). Haury, E. W. (1932). 1, Spain in the West Vol. A place in sacred history: Coronation ritual and architecture in Ottonian Mainz. Digital Antiquity and tDAR are and have been supported by a number of organizations, including the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, the National Science Foundation, and the National Endowment for the Humanities. ), Excavations at Snaketown I: Material Culture, Medallion Papers No. WebDefinition of hohokam in the Definitions.net dictionary. (ed. Gladwin, W., and Gladwin, H. S. (1930). Ideology, materialization, and power strategies. 27, Center for Desert Archaeology, Tucson, AZ. (2016). May include journal articles, essays, collections of essays, monographs or chapters/parts of monographs. Nelson, R. S. (1981). Re-Creating the World: Painted Ceramics of the Prehistoric Southwest: The Bill Schenck Collection, Schenck Southwest Publishing, Santa Fe, NM. Hopi shrines near the East Mesa, Arizona. 301334. Underhill, R. M. (2001). Mimbres Iconology: Analysis and Interpretation of Figurative Motifs, Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Archaeology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. (ed. VanPool, T. L., Palmer, C. T., and VanPool, C. S. (2008). Davis, E. H. (1920). How far is a pipette? Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111: 1298612991. Golio, J. J., Bradshaw, S., Snyder, E., and Golio, M. (1995). Gateway to another world: The symbolism of supernatural passageways in the art and ritual of Mesoamerica and the American Southwest. Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology 44: 5783. (eds. Temptation and glory in one Pima and two Aztec mythologies. (2006). Many Hohokam material standards disappeared or became far less frequent. (ed. Foster, M. S., and Gorenstein, S. (page 65). Foreword to the reissue. The primitive religion of the Southwest: An interpretation. ), Touching the Past: Ritual, Religion, and Trade of Casas Grandes, Popular Series No. Simmons, J. W. (n.d.). A Prehistory of Western North America: The Impact of Uto-Aztecan Languages, University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque. 253288. Gladwin, W., and Gladwin, H. S. (1929a). Published By: Original publisher Loendorf, C., and Lewis, B. V. (2017). Typological and iconographic analyses of Casas Grandes pottery at the Milwaukee Public Museum. Wilcox, D. R. (1991b). American Antiquity 63: 375396. In Brame, J., Oravec, C., and Bowen, N. But a little hint: if you read their name as Semitic, it means Sea Peoples. Snaketown can be They go along singing: Reconstructing the Hopi past from ritual metaphors in song and image. Of Hohokam origins and other matters. (eds. (ed. (ed. ), The Archaeology of Hybrid Material Culture, Occasional Paper No. Shared image metaphors of the corn lifeway in Mesoamerica and the American Southwest. Tracking Prehistoric Migrations: Pueblo Settlers among the Tonto Basin Hohokam, Anthropological Papers No. Miller, M. (2001). In Whitley, D. S. Journal of the Southwest 60: 73113. Wright has maximally exploited all means available to understand the rock art with a multiplicity of views, guided by contemporary scholarship in the related disciplines, but with a corpusin a limited, well defined context. Flower World iconography and metaphor of the southern Colorado Plateau: The Puerco and Little Colorado River watersheds. A further distinction in Anasazi culture is made by archaeologists and historians between ), Religious Transformation in the Late Pre-Hispanic Pueblo World, Amerind Studies in Archaeology No. 69123. (eds. The Artifact 46: 1945. Washburn, D. K. (2019). Carot, P., and Hers, M. (2008). She confines her analysis to the Preceramic Hohokam from the Phoenix basin. Hays-Gilpin, K. A., and Hill, J. H. (1999). Boyce, I. M. (2016). 248-258. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Washburn, D. K. (2018). CHAPTER 1 GUIDED READING Peopling the Americas thesis, Department of Anthropology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario. Santa Fe, N.M.: School for Advanced Research Press. ), XXIV simposio de investigaciones arqueolgicas en Guatemala, 2010, Museo Nacional de Arqueologa y Etnologa, Asociacin Tikal, Guatemala, pp. Author: Author's name as listed in Library of Congress records Doyel, David E. (David Elmond), 1946-Lekson, Stephen H. White, Devin Alan Title: Tradition Summary: Hohokam Published By: Original publisher New Haven, Conn.: Cobb, C. R., Maymon, J., and McGuire, R. H. (1999). VanPool, C. S., and VanPool, T. L. (2012). (eds.) In Minnis, P. E., and Whalen, M. E. A landmark production offering a dynamic new synthesis of the Hohokam as it establishes new strategies for future research integrating rock art with social, religious, and political processes.Beautifully and clearly written, engaging the reader from start to finish, Southwestern archaeologists, especially those with particular familiarity with Hohokam prehistory, rock art scholars the world over, and archaeologists with a keen interest in prehistoric religion and research methods that elucidate these ancient practices will appreciate this work, and benefit from Wrights intelligent treatment of what others have sometimes mistaken for a facile subject matter. Hohokam ceramics, Hohokam beliefs on eHRAF Definition of Hohokam. : a member of a prehistoric desert culture of the southwestern U.S. centering in the Gila Valley of Arizona and characterized especially by irrigated agriculture. (eds. 115134. Throughout their history, potters in the Hohokam region produced brown (in the Tucson Basin area) and buff (in the Phoenix Basin area) ware pottery, sometimes painted with geometric designs or life forms in red. 121138. ), Native Religions and Cultures of Central and South America: Anthropology of the Sacred, Continuum, New York, pp. Nelson, B. The mortars, petroglyphs, and trincheras on Rillito Peak. (ed. American Anthropologist o.s. Report of A. F. Bandelier on his investigations in New Mexico during the years 18831884. 73544. Excising culture history from contemporary archaeology. American Antiquity 69: 457486. His work provides one of the few recent pieces of research that integrates study of rock art into a sound anthropological approach and does not fall back on a simplistic notion of shamanism. Copyright 2018 Digital Antiquity. What gods did hohokams worship? - Answers (eds. 25, Gila Pueblo, Globe, AZ, pp. 4364. (ed. Boundaries and Territories: Prehistory of the U.S. Southwest and Northern Mexico, Anthropological Research Papers No. Masters (M.S.) 1.8: The Southwest - Social Sci LibreTexts The practice became more visible following A.D. 1200, when burial was by inhumation in household cemeteries and by cremation in corporate cemeteries. Di Peso, C. C. (1979). ), Religion in the Prehispanic Southwest, Archaeology of Religion No. Gregonis, L. M., and Reinhard, K. J. Doyel, D. E., Fish, S. K., and Fish, P. R. (2008). Situating copper bells in prehispanic southwestern societies: An analysis of their spatial, temporal, and contextual distribution. Some observations on Hohokam figurines: Implications for early American Southwest connections with West Mexico. Marn, F. M. (2012). ), The Hohokam Millennium, School for Advanced Research Press, Santa Fe, NM, pp. Early representations of Mesoamericas feathered serpent: Power, identity, and the spread of a cult. Wilcox, D. R., Weigand, P. C., Wood, J. S., and Howard, J. Arizonas Tucson City Council unanimously approved a measure to give back more than 10 acres of ancestral land to the Tohono O'odham Nation. Hohokam Indians of the Tucson Basin, University of Arizona Press, Tucson. (ed. Copy and paste a formatted citation or use one of the links below to The idea of a Mesoamerican connection isnt so farfetched; in fact, the Hohokam were known to be associated with the region through trade. A. 5598. (2001). An Introduction to the Ceramics of the Chalchihuites Culture of Zacatecas and Durango, Pt. Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology 44: 8493. Austin. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 57: 149162. 41, Arizona Archaeological Society, Phoenix. 77116. American Anthropologist n.s. Schaafsma, P. (2001). In Neitzel, J. E., (ed. 8, University of Arizona Press, Tucson, pp. (1995). ), Twenty-Sixth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, pp. Thank you for your partnership! (2018). 5, AltaMira Press, Lanham, MD, pp. Bolton, H. E. 9199. (1979). (ed.) Just macaws: A review for the U.S. Southwest/Mexican Northwest. Wallerstein, I. Ritual change and the distant: Mesoamerican iconography, scarlet macaws, and great kivas in the Mimbres region of southwestern New Mexico. Schroeder, A. H. (1965). (ed. Bell, C. (1997). 5, AltaMira Press, Lanham, MD, pp. However, while the iconography may have been new to Hohokam media, the religious themes were not. Classic period pottery from the Yuma Wash site: Dating, provenance, and function. ), Exploring the Hohokam: Prehistoric Desert Peoples of the American Southwest, Amerind Foundation New World Series No. Whittlesey, Stephanie Michelle, Title: (2013). In Clark, J. J., and Lyons, P. D. In Young, L. C., and Herr, S. A. The Hohokam, the Mimbres, and the land between: A Mimbres perspective. Shaul, D. L., and Hill, J. L. (1998). (ed. (ed. The bird in the basket: Gender and social change in Basketmaker iconography. ), Archaeological Investigations at the Yuma Wash Site and Outlying Settlements, Part 2, Anthropological Papers No. Pailes, M. (2017a). (eds. Rappaport, R. A. In Schaafsma, P. (2007). Arizona Highways 12(8): 8. Names of the four culture roots in the Southwest. 4, University Press, Cambridge, MA. (1974). Ancient Mesoamerica 9: 183232. What are the qualities of an accurate map? (eds. The darts of dawn: The Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli Venus complex in the iconography of Mesoamerica and the American Southwest. Kiva 82: 331363. In Earle, T. K., and Ericson, J. E. 177195. The Hohokam Millennium, School for Advanced Research Press, Santa Fe, NM. Distribution and Significance of Ball Courts in the Southwest, Papers of the Excavators Club 1(2), Cambridge, MA. Flower Worlds: Religion, Aesthetics, and Ideology in Mesoamerica and the American Southwest, University of Arizona Press, Tucson. 231286. Plog, S., Fish, P. R., Glowacki, D. M., and Fish, S. K. (2015). Transnational tales: A millennium of indigenous cultural interaction between the United States and Mexico. 33, Columbia University, New York. 217248. B., and Lyons, P. D. (2013). Wresting with analogy: A methodological dilemma in Upper Palaeolithic art research. Malotki, E., and Dissanayake, E. (2018). (2015). A., and Crider, D. (2005). ), The Mesoamerican Ballgame, University of Arizona Press, Tucson, pp. Researchers commonly frame this connectivity in economic or cultural evolutionary terms that position Hohokam communities as somehow descendant from or dependent on more complexly and hierarchically organized societies far to the south. ), Life in the Foothills: Archaeological Investigations in the Tortolita Mountains of Southern Arizona, Anthropological Papers No. White, C. A. (ed. Hays-Gilpin, K. A., and Hill, J. H. (2000). Wallace, H. D. (2008). 155, Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona, Tucson. Corn (maize) was the major crop; beans and squash were added after contact with the Ancestral Pueblo (Anasazi) culture. Oravec, C. (2014). Braniff, B. ), Centre and Periphery: Comparative Studies in Archaeology, Allen and Unwin, London, pp. Although similar in many ways to both the Ancestral Puebloans and the Hohokam, the Mogollon retained a distinct cultural identity, and they had their own (eds. In VanPool, C. S., VanPool, T. L., and Phillips Jr., D. A. Prehispanic Northwest and adjacent West Mexico, 1200 BCAD 1400: An interregional perspective. North America - Southwest. The Ancestral Pueblosthe Anasazi, Becoming Aztlan: Mesoamerican Influence in the Greater Southwest, AD 12001500, University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City. Pots are more than household equipment. In Villalpando, M. E., and McGuire, R. H. Hunt, R. C., Guillet, D., Abbott, D. R., Bayman, J., Fish, P., Fish, S., Kintigh, K., and Neely, J. Archaeology Southwest Magazine 30(2): 1315. (eds. The Davis Ranch Site: A Kayenta Immigrant Enclave in Southeastern Arizona, University of Arizona Press, Tucson. (ed. People who resided in the Hohokam (ho-ho-kahm) region were among the ancestors of contemporary southern desert populations, such as the Oodham, as well as Pueblo populations and perhaps other populations in northern Mexico. Huhugam. The Hohokam millennium, edited by Suzanne K. Fish and Paul R. Fish. Caseldine, C. R., and Simon, A. W. (2019). Petroglyphs of the Picacho Mountains, South Central Arizona, Anthropological Papers No. Please visit http://www.tdar.org/SAA2015 for instructions and more information. What time does normal church end on Sunday? Kiva 45: 95118. 231247. (2020). Early Rock Art of the American West: The Geometric Enigma, University of Washington Press, Seattle. Ancestral Pueblo people in the western part of the Southwest were primarily dry or floodwater farmers, and developed a set of religious beliefs that emphasize the sacred importance of rain and concentrate an annual cycle of religious ritual on rain making. Excavations at Snaketown IV: Review and Conclusions, Medallion Papers No. 110: 620. ), The Road to Aztlan: Art from a Mythic Homeland, Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Los Angeles, pp. Village growth and ritual transformation in the southern Southwest. A degree of cultural connectivity between the Southwest and Mesoamerica is evident in similarities in public architecture, ceramic technology and design, ritual paraphernalia, and subsistence, among other qualities. Ritual, Politics and Power, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. Kidder, A. V. (1924). Cooking status: Hohokam ideology, power, and social reproduction. On the back of this paper, note something signicant you learned about each of the following Native American groups: Kashaya Pomo Kwakiutl Pueblo Iroquois CHAPTER1 1. Ancient Panama: Chiefs in Search of Power, University of Texas Press, Austin. ), The Oxford Handbook of Mesoamerican Archaeology, Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 89-5, Institute for American Research, Tucson, AZ. the hohkam religion was many different gods or goddesses that they sacrificed many different people by throwing them into a fire because they thought that Ring's reflections: New picture emerges of Hohokam culture Journal of Archaeological Research 135153. Wallace, H. D. (2014). (ed. In Scarborough, V., and Wilcox, D. R. American Anthropologist n.s. 52, Archaeology Southwest, Tucson, AZ, pp. by Black, J., Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, London. Shamanism: Archaic Techniques of Ecstasy, translated by W. R. Trask, Bollingen Foundation, New York. Smith, A. M. (2000). ), Shamanism and Rock Art in North America, Special Publication 1, Rock Art Foundation, San Antonio, TX, pp. Introduction to Zui ceremonialism. In Gladwin, H. S., Haury, E. W., Sayles, E. B., and Gladwin, N. Journal of Anthropological Research 48: 117144. Drawing the Southwest to scale: Perspectives on macroregional relations. I show that the iconography references Archaic religious archetypes and cosmological principles that probably accompanied the spread of agriculture millennia before the formation of the Hohokam world. Hopi Ruin Legends, ed. Fish, P. R., and Fish, S. K. (1992). 2007. (eds. Some notes on the snake pictographs of Nine Mile Canyon, Utah. Bayman, J. M. (2001). In Swartz, D. L. 3444. Journal of the Southwest 60: 225. (2008). Shell. For those wanting to up-their-game on any one of these three research areas, the references are extensive., [An] innovative book. In Ortiz, A. Wikipedia Phillips Jr., D. A. Haury, E. W. (1937a). The Iconography of Connectivity Between the Hohokam World and Its Southern Neighbors. Wilcox, D. R. (1979). In Fish, S. K., and Fish, P. R. 1571. 7790. How much is a biblical shekel of silver worth in us dollars? Relations between Meso America and the Southwest. 5, Gila Pueblo, Globe, AZ. Fish, S. K., and Fish, P. R. In Tax, S. 3146. Beals, R. L. (1944). The pipette, the tiered cosmos, and the materialization of transcendence in the rock art of the North American Southwest. 153167. 514. The Papago Ceremony of Vkta, Indian Notes and Monographs 3(4), Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation, New York. ), Reacomodos demogrficos del Clsico al Posclsico en el centro de Mxico, Instituto de Investigaciones Antropolgicas, Universidad Nacional Autnoma de Mxico, Mexico City, pp.
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