[53][54] In January 2017, the Evergreen Curling Club hosted the United States Curling Association Senior Women's National Championship.[55]. Year-round gardening is possible, with mild winters where temperatures seldom drop below 20 degrees. Any light (sandy), medium (loamy), or heavy (clay) soil will do. The following list includes some of the varieties that have shown promise in Oregon. It is a good idea to rotate your crops every year, as much as possible given your space limitations. Topics include site and soil preparation, cultivar selection, propagation, planting and plant Spanish: Cultive sus Propios Tomates y Tomatillos, Neil Bell, Amy Jo Detweiler, Heidi Noordijk, Chip Bubl | The city is the location of a major freeway interchange for U.S. Route 26 (US 26; Sunset Highway) and Oregon Route 217 (OR 217). Beaverton, OR. [10] His was the first land claim in the area. We have a special interest in cold-hardy clumping bamboo and giant timber bamboo. Adjust your garden plan to the amount of land available and the needs of your family. 5 points: (CATCH MULTIPLIER) If the ball hits the second smaller pipe and you catch it you get 5 points. The map is based on average annual minimum winter temperatures of each region and divided into thirteen distinct 10F zones, which are further divided into sub-zones of 5F. OSU Extension Catalog I'd like to try planting the 3 sisters this year; corn, beans, and gourds. You can also call us at 503-647-2700 or (888) 509-0293 to order, or email bamboo@bamboogarden.com. Start by assessing soil tilth. Companion cropping means planting two vegetables (such as radishes and tomatoes) at the same time in the same space. Planting zones are geographical areas that are divided up according to climate, and they tell you which plants are likely to thrive in your area. Plantingby the Moon (also called "Gardening by the Moon") is a traditional way to plant your above- and below-ground crops, especially at the start of the season. That gives you a window of about six months to grow plants in Beaverton, OR. Many other small seed companies exist. For the complete list of approved street trees for Beaverton click here. Many major roads in Beaverton are named for these early settlers. Here in the United States, we have 11 different planting zones, which range from zone 1 (the coldest) to zone 11 (the warmest). Small round leaves are green and edged with purple when new, turning completely green with age. Organic mulches can provide habitat for slugs, so monitor mulched areas during the rainy season. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race were 18.1% of the population.[39]. Most vegetable seedlings compete poorly against weeds. Soil pH is a measure of acidity. Blog; . Lime will raise soil pH and make it more suitable for vegetable crops. Successful vegetable and fruit gardening is possible east of the Cascades if you take into account the area's special and widely varying climate and soil characteristics. Organic mulches do not warm the soil. Get more tips for transplanting seedlings. Syringa meyeri 'Palibin': Dwarf Korean Lilac. This zone includes much of downtown Portland as well as some lower-lying areas like St Johns neighborhood. Posted 4:51:28 PM. Does best in cool, uniformly moist conditions. [42] Beaverton is home to the world headquarters of Nike, Inc. Its headquarters are located on an unincorporated area inside, but excluded from, Beaverton city limits. Lime is slow-acting and doesn't move well in the soil. The Beaverton City Council annexed that property in May 2005, and Leupold & Stevens challenged that annexation. Planting in late summer for a fall harvest has many benefits (soil is already warm, temperatures are cooler, fewer pests). Apply 1 to 1.5 inches of water per irrigation. In general, plants that are labeled as being hardy to zone 8 will also do well in zone 7 conditions. Beaverton OR ZIP Code 97007 Profile, Boundary Map, Demographics, Politics and Schools . Zone 1 Oregon Coast: Cool, long season of 190 to 250 days. Put it in its new container and add some soil, burying it no deeper than it was in its original pot. Tarragon, chives and mint are propagated by cuttings or crown divisions; most other common herbs can be grown from seed. A sample garden layout is included. Narrow-Leafed Milkweed (Mexican whorled milkweed), Asclepias fascicularis Showy Milkweed, Asclepias speciosa Swamp Milkweed or Rose Milkweed, Asclepias incarnata Butterfly Milkweed, Asclepias tuberosa Milkweed plants are neonicotinoid and pesticide free! Our free planting guide calculates the best dates for sowing seeds indoors and outdoors, and for transplanting seedlings into the gardenall customized to your location. Plants that are not hardy to your specific zone may not survive the winter months or may not produce as much fruit or foliage. Early varieties with compact growth are best suited to most Oregon areas. Chinese types or snow peas have a flat, edible pod. A Ford Motor Company dealership was established there in 1915; it was purchased by Guy Carr in 1923 and over the years Carr expanded it into several locations throughout Beaverton. Raised beds often improve drainage, allow soil to warm rapidly in the spring, and reduce problems with soil-bourne disease. All four companies were replaced in 1970 by TriMet,[64] which expanded bus service to cover more areas of Beaverton. Plant early and make successive seedings or use varieties with different seasons of maturity. You can apply 1 to 2 inches of straw, hay, leaves, or mint hay. An ecolawn is a low input alternative to a conventional perennial grass lawn. Consult appropriate Extension publications for recommendations on controlling these garden pests. Cultivate the soil only enough to eliminate weeds. Many freshly tilled and planted soils in western Oregon form a crust after overhead irrigation or rain. Heat Zone Maps for Neighboring States and Provinces Related Oregon Maps: The following chart is a more accurate guide to use when looking at plant hardiness for Central Oregon. stay green through the dry summer months. The public schools of Beaverton are part of the Beaverton School District. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. OSU recognizes the impact that its land grant history has had on Indigenous communities in Oregon. If outdoor conditions allow, starthardening offyour seedlings approximately one week before your last frost date, thentransplant theminto the garden. Follow print requisitions to stack bundles on pallets. [23] In 2014, the City of Beaverton moved its city hall into The Beaverton Building, an office building in The Round. MAX Light Rail serves the city with seven light rail stations; from west to east, they are: Elmonica/Southwest 170th Avenue, Merlo Road/Southwest 158th Avenue, Beaverton Creek, Millikan Way, Beaverton Central, Beaverton Transit Center, and Sunset Transit Center. Not in Oregon? The Planning Division of the Community Development Department delivers a wide variety of long-range planning and current planning services to residents, property owners, and developers. Mar 20, 2023 | Zone 1: -10F to 0F (-23C to -18C) This publication is an extended revision of the previous edition. Early vegetables such as spinach, radishes, leaf lettuce, and peas can be followed by additional plantings of the same or other vegetables. Full-Time. In addition, a Junior Softball team from Beaverton went to 2006 World Series in Kirkland, Washington, ending in sixth place. Beaverton is an economic center for Washington County along with neighboring Hillsboro. For ease of maintenance, there should be a water source nearby. Winter cover crops also can improve soil tilth. [33], The city of Beaverton is divided into 13 neighborhoods: Central Beaverton, Denney Whitford, Raleigh West, Five Oaks, Triple Creek, Greenway, Highland, Neighbors Southwest, Sexton Mountain, South Beaverton, Vose, West Beaverton, and West Slope. The city of Beaverton also attempted to annex certain businesses, including Nike, which responded with a legal and lobbying effort to resist the annexation. Plant crowns 5 to 6 inches deep; cover with only 2 to 3 inches of soil the first year. Zone 8 covers the southernmost part of the state, including the Willamette Valley, where temperatures rarely dip below 10 degrees Fahrenheit. The Planting Zone for Beaverton Oregon is 8b. In regions 1 and 2, use varieties resistant to enation virus if planting in April or May. 463 People UsedMore Info Visit Pacific Northwest native plants are not just beautiful, they are functional too. If youre not sure what kind of plants you want to grow in your garden, a good place to start is by looking at lists of plants that are appropriate for your specific planting zone. Rutabagas harvest and storage suggestions? The company eventually won the legal fight in 2009 with the city, thus the company was de-annexed from the city. Transplanted vegetables are more competitive, but not all vegetables make good transplants. Communication during these appointments is by phone or Microsoft Teams. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. For a phone call or video appointment, please use the online appointment scheduler found below. Watch for flea beetle damage. 30.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. Sep 2014 | Black, red, green, or silver plastic; various organic mulches; and row covers can improve germination, yield, and quality of hear-loving crops such as melons, cucumbers, peppers, tomatoes, sweet corn, and pole beans. Sometimes choosing plants can be overwhelming, as there are some many varieties from which to select. Use floating row covers to protect plants from flea beetles and cabbage maggots. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. What is the best way to harvest and store rutabaga? Read more about direct-sowing seeds here! Covers of polyethylene, polyester, and polypropylene are available from seed companies and garden supply stores and catalogs. USDA plant hardiness zones are the standard by which gardeners and growers can determine which plants are most likely to thrive at any given location. Should I pick my pumpkins or leave them on the vine? When seedlings have grown too large for their seed trays or starter pots, it's time to transplant. Apply at a rate of approximately 2 lb N per 1,000 square feet. Most soils in western Oregon are naturally more acidic than this, meaning the pH is lower. The Willamette Valley has a mild climate, with average temperatures ranging from 40 to 60 degrees Fahrenheit. Beaverton was an early home to automobile dealerships. Lawrence Hall took up the first land claim in 1847 and established a grist mill. North Carolina Planting Zones - USDA Map Of North Carolina Growing Zones, Vermont Planting Zones - USDA Map Of Vermont Growing Zones, West Virginia Planting Zones - USDA Map Of West Virginia Growing Zones, How To Join International Sunflower Guerrilla Gardening Day, How To Make Raisins From Homegrown Grapes, Growing Fruit Trees in Montana And The Northern Rockies, Ohio Planting Zones USDA Map Of Ohio Growing Zones, Oklahoma Planting Zones USDA Map Of Oklahoma Growing Zones, Pennsylvania Planting Zones USDA Map Of Pennsylvania Growing Zones, Rhode Island Planting Zones USDA Map Of Rhode Island Growing Zones, Home & Garden Marketplace: Advertiser Info. News story. Crop rotation can be an effective way to control soil-borne plant diseases if the alternative crop is not susceptible to the disease. Plastic mulch increases soil temperature. Fragrance is nice, but not the typical "Lilac" perfume. Soil. 5 points: (PING) Ping the ball off of the large chimney pipe. Reser's Fine Foods, processor and distributor of freshly prepared foods, has headquartered in Beaverton since 1960. Gardeners, especially those new to the hobby, want nothing more than to see their flowers, shrubs, and trees thrive. MOUNTAIN, LTD. has an opening for an OSP Engineer Trainee working in the Beaverton, OR area.SinceSee this and similar jobs on LinkedIn. And if not, what is the scientific reason why not? Analog Devices Inc., which has two chip factories in the Portland area, says it's increasing production at both of them and adding staff in response to soaring demand. He was soon followed by Thomas Denney in 1848, who came to the area and built its first sawmill. This means that the minimum temperature in our zone is 15 to 25 degrees. Wrap bundles using Kraft paper, tape, and strapping machines. For gardens in lower-elevation areas along the Columbia, heat and steady winds create problems for gardeners trying to establish fruit and vegetable plantings. This garden plan features 12- and 24-inch-wide walkways of scrap wood or sawdust, short rows for ease of hoeing from ends, perennial vegetables planted on the long sides for the least interference with garden soil preparation, and many short rows to allow successive plantings for season-long harvesting. They occupied a village near the Beaverton and Fanno creeks called Chakeipi, which meant "place of the beaver", and early white settlers referred to this village as Beaverdam. Our Permit Center, located on the fourth floor of The Beaverton Building, is now open Monday - Thursday 8:30am-4:30pm. The Development Code contains detailed descriptions of zoning districts and specifies what uses are allowed, prohibited, and conditional in each zone. Oregon is located in Planting Zone 7. The racial makeup of the city was 59% Non-Hispanic White, 2.9% African American, 1.0% Native American, 12.2% Asian, 0.5% Pacific Islander, 8.7% from other races, and 12.5% from two or more races. Once you know your planting zone, you can choose plants that are known to do well in that area. There are six public high schools in the district Aloha High School, Beaverton High School, Mountainside High School, Southridge High School, Sunset High School, and Westview High School. Peer reviewed (Orange level). Building Permit inquiries or inspection cancellations, call 503-526-2403. In most cases, an annual application of a balanced fertilizer (such as 20-20-10), at a rate that supplies about 3 lbs of nitrogen (N) per 1,000 square feet, is sufficient for vegetable crops. Part of successfully growing a garden is knowing your USDA hardiness planting zone. With both types, consistent harvest of mature pods will prolong the bearing season. 2023 Gardening Know How, Future US LLC, Full 7th Floor, 130 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036. Snap peas have a fleshly, round, edible pod. Choose a location that is level or only slightly sloped and that receives at least 6 hours of direct sun each day. For more detailed information on fertilizing, see Fertilizing Your Garden: Vegetables, Fruits, and Ornamentals, EC 1503. For established vegetable gardens that do not require annual P and K addition, consider applying some of the nitrogen 3 to 6 weeks after seeding or transplanting, just prior to rapid vegetative growth. Gives fertilizer recommendations, based on soil test results, for vegetable gardens, fruit trees, ornamental shrubs, flowers, caneberries, and strawberries. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race were 16.3% of the population. The Planting Zone for Beaverton Oregon is 8b. For plants with growing points at the top of the plant, such as peppers, hoops or other supports may be necessary to prevent damage to the growing point. Several short rows in a rectangle are better for pollination than a few long rows. A second Beaverton airport, Bernard's Airport, was later developed farther north, at the present location of the Cedar Hills Crossing mall. The entry of a railroad in 1868 spurred growth in the small farming communities and led to the town's incorporation in 1893. The Permit Center is closed on Friday. in the case of corn, crowded plants produce few ears. The area of Tualatin Valley that became Beaverton was originally the home of a Native American tribe known as the Atfalati, which settlers mispronounced as Tualatin. The Atfalati population dwindled in the latter part of the 18th century, and the prosperous tribe was no longer dominant in the area by the 19th century when settlers arrived. The tribe named their village Chakeipi, which translates to "place of the beaver,"[10] which early settlers referred to as "Beaverdam. Delightful harbinger of Spring! Valley Catholic School, May 2021 | If you live in Oregon and are new to vegetable gardening, Oregon State University Extension Service has information on how to garden successfully in all four of the state's zones. Wampum, Chinook, Dwarf Blue Curled Scotch, Improved Vates, Siberian, Winterbor, WInter Red, Nero di Toscana, Blue Ridge, Early White Vienna, Early Purple Vienna, Kongo, Kolibri, Eder, American Flag, King Richard, Kimima, Rikor, Triple Moss Curled, Banquet, Dark Green Italian Plain, Harris Model, All America, Hollow Crown, Gladiator, Andover, Cobham Improved Marrow, Crimson Red, Cherry Red, Valentine, Victoria, Contact usAsk ExtensionFind your county Extension officeReport a website issue, OSU Extension is part of the division of Extension and Engagement. During dry weather, water about every seven days. These include tender vegetables such as tomatoes, peppers, and eggplant, as well as crops with a long growing season, like broccoli, cauliflower, and brussels sprouts. May 2022 | [18], In 2016, voters approved a $35million bond for a new 75,000-square-foot (7,000m2) Public Safety Center built to withstand a major earthquake. They should be able to tell you which zone Beaverton falls into. Gardening on the Oregon Coast isn't easy because of the wind, fog and cool temperatures. This was one of four privately owned bus companies that served the Portland metropolitan area and were collectively known as the "Blue Bus" lines. In December 2004, the city and Washington County announced an "interim plan" which would lead to Beaverton becoming the second-largest city in Oregon, second only to Portland. Note: Quality of all varieties may be dramatically altered under certain pollination conditions. The four growing regions are the Oregon Coast, western valleys, Central and eastern Oregon, and the Columbia and Snake River valleys. For earliest lettuce, set out plants at the same time as early cabbage. The state of Oregon is divided into eight different USDA hardiness zones, based on average annual minimum temperatures. If you have trouble finding a variety, you might try searching the Internet. Contact usAsk ExtensionFind your county Extension officeReport a website issue, OSU Extension is part of the division of Extension and Engagement. The Willamette River flows through the center of the valley and is a major tributary of the Columbia River. This is the coldest zone and includes areas at higher elevations like Mount Tabor Park and Council Crest Park. See Table 1, or check the backs of seed packets. These appointments are not for plan review or issuing permits. Please note: To plan your garden more accurately in the future, keep a record of your garden's conditions each year, including frost dates and seed-starting dates! "Mall changing its look, identity and access routes". Region 4. The city is home to many different kinds of businesses and industries, as well as a variety of cultural attractions. This crust can prevent small seeds from emerging. You can also ask your local nursery or gardening center. Indoors, you can control these elementsto maximize your plants' early growth and give them the best shotat thriving when they are eventually transplanted outdoors. The population density was 4,794.6 inhabitants per square mile (1,851.2/km2). In the Pacific Northwest, we are fortunate to be home to a lush green environment with a wide variety of plant species, rich in color, texture and local history. It also has several public option schools serving grades 6-12 like the International School of Beaverton, Arts and Communication Magnet Academy, and Beaverton Academy of Science and Engineering. The groundbreaking was performed on November 13, 2019. In fact, most are better off being started directly in the garden (aka "direct-sown"). Fertilizer labels indicate the percentages of nitrogen (N), phosphate (P), and potash (K) in the material. Only the hardiest plants can survive in this zone. This means that the last average frost date is between May 15th and May 31st. Harvesting at maturity is critical, because fiber develops in older plants. For new vegetable gardens in western Oregon, apply 10 lb of agricultural-grade lime per 100 square feet. Holy Trinity School, 2023Yankee Publishing, Inc., An Employee-Owned Company Reddish buds open to pale pink flowers borne on 4" clusters in May. This region is better suited for drought-tolerant plants and crops. However, under no circumstances, including, but not limited to, negligence, shall thegardenmagazine.com be liable for any special, incidental, or consequential damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials on this website. Figure 1. [12] The lobbying effort succeeded quickly, with the Oregon Legislative Assembly enacting Senate Bill 887,[13] which prohibited Beaverton from annexing Nike without the company's consent. Can be grown from seeds or transplants. Plants that are hardy enough to survive those temperatures are recommended for planting in Zone 8b or 9a. At this point, I could build a fence around the whole garden to stop any further damage, but I'm wondering about the Ross Penhallegon | News story. A cool-season crop very prone to bolting as days lengthen and temperatures rise. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. Apply lime in fall or spring and till it into the soil. [34], As of the census of 2020, there were 97,494 people. Do not plant too early. The Mayor and City Councilors are all elected at large to serve four-year terms in a council-manager form of government where the Beaverton City Council and Mayor hire a city manager who is the administrative head of the city. Leupold & Stevens, maker of rifle scopes and other specialty optics, has been located on property adjacent to the City of Beaverton since 1968. Good tilth means a soil is easy to dig in, accepts and stores water readily, has good drainage, and make a good seed bed. For example, a fertilizer labeled 20-20-10 contains 20 percent nitrogen, 20 percent phosphate, and 10 percent potash. The majority of Beavertons neighborhoods are in Washington County, with a small portion (including the Downtown neighborhood) located in Multnomah County. We have experts in family and health, community development, food and agriculture, coastal issues, forestry, programs for young people, and gardening. [24] The Round currently consists of 24,000 square foot of retail space with 63 residential condominiums located above. Supersweets must be isolated from other types. The valley is home to more than 2.5 million people and includes the cities of Portland, Eugene, Salem, and Gresham. If recommended varieties are not available locally, you can purchase seed from a seed company. In January 2013, Beaverton became the first city in Oregon to have an ice rink dedicated to the sport of curling, the Evergreen Curling Club. Dan M. Sullivan, Alexandra Stone | W. Atlee Burpee Co., 300 Park Avenue, Warminster, PA 18974, Harris Seeds, 355 Paul Road, Rochester, NY14624-0966, Johnnys Selected Seeds, 955 Benton Avenue, Winslow, ME 04901-2601, Nichols Garden Nursery, 1190 Old Salem Road NE, Albany, OR 97321, Parks Seed Co., 1 Parkton Avenue, Greenwood, SC 29647, Seeds of Change, PO Box 15700, Santa Fe, NM 87592-1500, Stokes Seeds, PO Box 548, Buffalo, NY 14240, Territorial Seed Co., PO Box 158, Cottage Grove, OR 97424-0061, Michihili, Monument, China Express, China Flash, Supersweet, main season: Supersweet Jubilee, ACX 1021Y. Anne Schmidt | Explore more resources from OSU Extension: Credit: Lynn Ketchum (Cropped from original), Photo Credit: svetlanafoto - Adobe Stock (Cropped from original), Photo Credit: maxbelchenko - Adobe Stock (Cropped from original), Credit John Brunoe (Cropped from original), Credit Brooke Edmunds (Cropped from original), Credit Dana Regan and Stewart Silberman (Cropped from original), Photo by Harry Olson. Alonzo Cady, a local businessman, served as the first mayor. I know you can grow the greens, however, can you grow the actual root vegetable again? Continue with Recommended Cookies. Wash off aphids with a forceful spray of water. Columbia and Snake River valleys: 120- to 200-day season; hot days, warm nights; length of season fairly well defined. Peer reviewed (Orange level). Oregon zones are expansive and include zones 4b through 9b. Water deeply. Fertilizing Your Garden: Vegetables, Fruits, and Ornamentals, Gardens address pandemic food insecurity in Warm Springs community, OSU Extension microgreens gardening course reaches thousands of Oregonians, Let soil temperature guide you when planting vegetables, Food Hero adds annual garden calendar to its growing catalog of gardening resources. Make successive plantings of one variety or plant different varieties that vary in season of maturity. Be sure to wear gloves read more, Thought I saw a grasshopper on one of my milkweeds, read more, I have several pair of Dark-Eyed Juncos this winter. Columbia Outdoor HQ sits outside of current city limits, Beaverton did not incorporate the HQ during 2000-2009. 10F to 15F Zone 8b 15F to 20F Zone 9a 20F to 25F Zone 9b 25F to 30F Based on the 1990 USDA Hardiness Zone Map, this interactive version covers the state of Oregon which ranges from USDA Zone 4a to USDA Zone 9b. Inquires can also be emailed to Building Plan Submit. EMS services are provided by Metro West Ambulance.[56]. This includes office buildings, retail stores, restaurants, bars, and hotels. Oregon Coast: Cool, long season of 190 to 250 days. Popcornflower, awned melic, azaleas, baby blue eyes, hupa gooseberry, lady fern, marsh violet and literally hundreds more are native to the area and will grow very well. Consider soil testing every 3 to 5 years to see whether you really need to supply any nutrient other than N. Nitrogen is used by vegetables most efficiently when it is applied just prior to rapid vegetative growth. November is also an ideal time for maintenance on lawnmowers and draining sprinkler systems. Oregon is located in the Pacific Time Zone. That gives you a window of about six months to grow plants in Beaverton, OR. The climate of the Willamette Valley is mild and wet, with cool winters and warm summers. During the summer, it can be too hot for some plants, and during the winter, it can be too cold. Oregon coast: Cool but long season of 190 to 250 days. [32] The elevation within city limits ranges from as high as 698.2 feet (212.8m) above sea level to as low as 131.7 feet (40.1m) above sea level. It is home to the world headquarters of Nike, Inc., although it sits outside of city limits on unincorporated county land. Hill up soil, straw, or mulch around plants to prevent greening of shallow tubers. This region is considered ideal for growing a wide variety of crops and vegetables. From evergreens to fruit trees and more, these plants and trees are designed to thrive in your landscape. If you want detailed information or cannot find your location on the map, you can visit the USDA site where you can input your zip code to find your zone. . Sign up for our newsletter. Both sites will give you detailed information about your particular planting zone, including what kinds of plants do well there. Identifying your region will help you choose vegetable varieties and planting dates suitable to the growing conditions in your area as shown in Table 1. Beautiful orange autumn color. The town's first library opened in 1925. If fertilizing the plant, use only organic fertilizer . Remove covers when plants bloom so bees can pollinate flowers. Many common garden plants can survive in this zone, including roses, impatiens, and petunias. The same is true for squash and watermelon, though care must be taken to plant them when the soil is warm enough. Warm, sunny weather in late spring, summer and early fall provides good growing conditions with a minimum of garden plant diseases. Provides an introduction to vegetable gardening in Oregon. Western valleys: 150- to 250-day season; warm days, cool nights; length of season may vary from year to year. Set out plants of early-maturing varieties as soon as spring conditions permit.
Valley Vista Park Community Pool,
Live Traffic Cameras A30 Cornwall,
Anthony Ross Accardo,
Articles W