World Health Organization Adverse Drug Reaction Terminology (2009). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of psychiatric disorders between the LHQW group and the conventional drug group (RR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.253.97, p = 1.000). For pooled studies, the incidence of adverse reactions was lower in the LHQW group than the conventional drug group (RR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.580.69, p < 0.001). Clinical Practice Guideline on Treating Influenza in Adult Patients with Chinese Patent Medicines. vahl (weeping forsythia) fruit 27.41 mg, Lonicera japonica Thunb. TABLE 1. Chin. The duration of sputum was shorter in the Lianhua Qingwen group than in the conventional drug group (WMD = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.50 to 0.70, < 0.001). Cheng D.Z., Wang W.J., Li Y., Wu X.D., Zhou B., Song Q.Y. LHQW capsules not only had hemagglutination inhibition activity against B/Guangzhou/0215/2012 of influenza B virus, but also inhibited the over-expression of RANTES, IL-6, IL-8, IP-10, TNF-, MCP-1, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1, and interferon (IFN)- at the mRNA level and prevented a severe inflammatory response [26]. Efficacy and mechanism of Lianhua Qingwen Capsules(LHQW) on chemotaxis of macrophages in acute lung injury (ALI) animal model. The cochrane Collaboration's Tool for Assessing Risk of Bias in Randomised Trials. The mechanisms were mainly involved the antiviral activity, and regulation of inflammation response as well as immune function. The incidence of adverse reactions during treatment of influenza A (H1N1) was lower in the LHQW group compared to the conventional drug group (RR = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.130.36, p < 0.001). doi:10.1136/bmj.d5928, Higgins, J. P., Thompson, S. G., Deeks, J. J., and Altman, D. G. (2003). Study supervision and funding were done by GZ. Biometrics. 2015, 731765. doi:10.1155/2015/731765, Jin, L., Xu, Y., and Yuan, H. (2020). Treatment of SARS-Cov-2: How Far Have We Reached? The basic clinical treatments for COVID-19 include anti-infectious, anti-proinflammatory cytokines, nonspecific antiviral as well as life support therapies [[6], [7], [8]]. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: the PRISMA Statement. The inconsistent use of conventional drugs in individual studies, along with individual differences in drug absorption, may be factors underlying high heterogeneity. 2020, 3196375. doi:10.1155/2020/3196375, Yao, K. T., Liu, M. Y., Li, X., Huang, J. H., and Cai, H. B. Combined with western medicine conventional therapy in the treatment of 63 suspected cases of Coronavirus Disease 2019. 11 (31), 52605355. Besides, the collected clinical trials involving TCM in the treatment of COVID-19 were mainly from China and published in Chinese, and thus further well-designed multicenter RCTs from different countries will be more attractive before a definitive conclusion can be drawn. Wang et al. Efficacy and safety of Lianhuaqingwen capsules, a repurposed Chinese herb, in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: a multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial. Keywords: Lianhua Qingwen, adverse reaction, COVID-19, influenza, traditional Chinese medicine, meta-analysis, Citation: Hu C, He B, Gong F, Liang M, Zhao D and Zhang G (2022) The Adverse Reactions of Lianhua Qingwen Capsule/Granule Compared With Conventional Drug in Clinical Application: A Meta-Analysis. In addition to western medicine, the potential adverse drug reactions (ADRs) can not be ignored. doi:10.5582/ddt.2020.03008, PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar, Cao, B., Zhang, D., and Wang, C. (2020). aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of LH combined with usual treatment vs usual treatment alone in treating mild or moderate COVID-19 by a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Am. Future related studies will provide accumulated evidence to clarify it. COPD is characterized by a chronic inflammatory response and can be worsened by acute exacerbations. However, no consensus has been reached on the security of LHQW to date. Dong L., Xia J.W., Gong Y., Chen Z., Yang H.H., Zhang J., He J., Chen X.D. (2020) identified 38 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing LHQW with antivirals or other Chinese medicines for treating influenza and reported a lower risk of adverse reactions in the LHQW group compared to oseltamivir (RR = 0.29, 95%CI = 0.110.80), and ribavirin groups (RR = 0.29, 95%CI = 0.110.80). doi:10.1016/0197-2456(86)90046-2, Duval, S., and Tweedie, R. (2000). [16][17] A Filipino TCM physician interviewed by ABS-CBN clarified that although the medicine can be used for symptomatic treatment of flu-like symptoms in COVID-19 patients, it is not an antibiotic nor anti-viral, and cannot cure the disease itself. Dang Y., Xu J., Yang Y., Li C., Zhang Q., Zhou W., Zhang L., Ji G. Ling-gui-zhu-gan decoction alleviates hepatic steatosis through SOCS2 modification by N6-methyladenosine. Some notable dangerous reactions include heart attacks, strokes, seizures, and sudden deaths. Declaration of competing interest. Tian S., Song X., Wang Y., Wang X., Mou Y., Chen Q., Zhao H., Ma K., Wu Z., Yu H., Han X., Wang H., Wang S., Ji X., Zhang Y. Chinese herbal medicine Baoyuan Jiedu decoction inhibits the accumulation of myeloid derived suppressor cells in pre-metastatic niche of lung via TGF-/CCL9 pathway. 13:764774. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.764774. Systematic Review Registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov/, CRD-42020224180. 6 (01), 6364. J. Nanjing Univ. Current evidence shows that Lianhua Qingwen capsule is more effective and safer than Oseltamivir, Ribavirin and Ankahuangmin capsules. Combination of western medicine and Chinese traditional patent medicine in treating a family case of COVID-19. Lianhua Qingwen has antiviral, anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory activities. Meta-analysis in Clinical Trials. Therefore, further attention should be paid to the occurrence of adverse reaction with LHQW among different age groups in the future. Z., Wang, H. T., Han, X., Liu, C., Sun, Y. N., Liu, B., et al. f. & Thoms.) Med. Immune imbalance mechanism and intervention strategy in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). ChemRxiv. Homogeneity of baseline data was reported in most studies. Effect of Lianhua Qingwen capsule on immunity of mice infected with flu virus. [11] The pro-establishment DAB alliance was found to have distributed unregistered doses of LHQW, in breach of health regulations. Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., and Altman, D. G.PRISMA Group (2009). Twenty-six studies focused on treatment of common pneumonia, of which 23 reported adverse reactions. LHQW prescription (capsules type, or granules type) consists of 11 herbs, gypsum and menthol [18]. A total of 2,511 citations were identified, among which 1,796 irrelevant, animal studies or duplicate studies were excluded, for screen of titles and abstracts. 2019ZYC-A85), and the Scientific Research Projects of Hospital Pharmacy of Zhejiang Pharmaceutical Association (No. [4] Its formulation includes 13 herbs which are said to have been used for medical purposes as early as the Han dynasty. Clin. For rheum, sample size could partially explain heterogeneity (p = 0.005), but not year of publication (p = 0.658) and treatment of the control group (p = 0.712). Preliminary Study on the Inhibitory Effect of Lianhua Qingwen Capsule on virusMaster Degree. This review will elucidate the pre-clinical and clinical evidence of LHQW in lung protection and antiviral activities, and provide timely data delivery for the exploration of effective treatment strategies in the therapy of COVID-19. LHQW has a reduced incidence of other adverse reactions compared to the conventional drug group (RR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.430.84, p = 0.003). doi:10.13260/j.cnki.jfjtcm.012210, Jia, W., Wang, C., Wang, Y., Pan, G., Jiang, M., Li, Z., et al. Recent study then showed that the main components of LHQW included chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, isochlorogenic acid B, isochlorogenic acid C, phillyrin, forsythiaside A, and rutin by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis [19]. (japanese honeysuckle) flower 27.41 mg, gypsu . [4][7], Lianhua Qingwen should be avoided for patients with G6PD deficiency, since its active ingredient, Lonicera japonica, will lead to hemolysis to such patients. Ping F., Li Z., Zhang F., Li D., Han S. Effects of Lianhua Qingwen on pulmonary oxidative lesions induced by fine particulates (PM2.5) in rats. Related tags TCM COVID-19 China A two-week clinical trial led by renowned Chinese pulmonologist Zhong Nanshan has shown that consuming the botanical TCM product Lianhua Qingwen (LH) capsules and undergoing the standard . Recently, Yu et al. doi:10.1111/jep.13614, Wang, Y. X., Zhang, K. Y., Huang, J. H., Han, S. L., Zhao, J. H., and Xu, Z. J. conducted another single center clinical trial which was showed that seven days after treatment with LHQW granules (6g, tid) in conjunction with conventional treatment for COVID-19 patients had a total effective rate of 92.73 % accompanied by significantly reduced major symptoms including fever, cough, fatigue and chest tightness [41]. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000026059, Gallelli, L., Ferreri, G., Colosimo, M., Pirritano, D., Guadagnino, L., Pelaia, G., et al. We aim to assess the efficacy and safety of Lianhua Qingwen combined with Conventional antiviral Western Medicine in Clinical treatment of COVID-19 or asymptomatic infection. Beijing: China Medical Science Press. Drugs and Clinic. Drug-Use Hospitals China. (1990). The most common adverse reactions in our analysis were gastrointestinal system damage, skin and its appendage damage. Drafting of the manuscript was done by CH and BH. During the study, no serious adverse events were reported. (Bohe), Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. The main characteristics of the eligible studies are summarized in Supplementary Table S1, while the composition of LHQW and how LHQW were reported in the original studies presented in Supplementary Table S2. Common side effects are heart palpitations, nausea, and vomiting. Similar results were obtained in subgroup analysis of hepatic function abnormal and transaminase increased. Methods: Comprehensive document retrieval was performed from both English and Chinese databases. showed that the usual treatment in combination with LHQW capsules (4 capsules thrice daily for 14 days) had significantly higher recovery rate, and shorter median time to symptom recovery, as compared with control group [43]. No meta-regression was performed for COVID-19 pneumonia due to the limited number of studies. Warning 1. Ni L., Zhou L., Zhou M., Zhao J., Wang D.W. Kunming: Kunming University of technology. Vahl [Oleaceae; Forsythiae Fructus] (255g), Lonicera japonica Thunb. We observed no significant alteration in the security evaluation indexes of treatment among different diseases. Lianhua Qingwen combined with conventional antiviral Western Medicine may be a useful treatment for prediabetes. LHQW had been proven to accelerate the improvement of acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) patients, especially for the high-risk subgroup, due to the decreased release of inflammatory mediators including IL-8, TNF- , IL-17, and IL-23 [38]. Clinical efficacy and mechanism of Lianhua Qingwen Granule on COVID-19 based on network pharmacology research. All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. LHQW, an innovative proprietary traditional Chinese medicine used to treat influenza, was approved by the Food and Drug Administration of the United States for Phase II of clinical trial in 2015 (Ye et al., 2020). the Need for Accurate Scientific Nomenclature for Plants. Med. No statistical difference was detected for sleepy. Advances in Pharmacology and Clinical Research of Lianhua Qingwen Capsules. COVID-19 pandemic has caused a serious threat to public health and become the greatest challenge facing the world. Trim and Fill: a Simple Funnel-Plot-Based Method of Testing and Adjusting for Publication Bias in Meta-Analysis. Accordingly, other biases were defined as low risk of bias. The risk of bias data is presented as a percentage, as shown in Figure 2. We hope this review will not only present comprehensive evidence for LHQW use in COVID-19 therapy, but also fuel antiviral researches and put forward promising insights for further antiviral drug development. (Jinyinhua), Ephedra sinica Stapf (Mahuang), Armeniacae Amarum Semen (Kuxingren), Gypsum Fibrosuum (Shigao), Isatis tinctoria L. (Banlangen), Dryopteridis Crassirhizomatis Rhizoma (Mianmaguanzhong), Houttuynia cordata Thunb. 161, 105126. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105126, Yang, C., Wang, Y., He, J., Yan, W., Jiang, H., Chen, Q., et al. (2020). Pharmacol. Lianhua Qingwen Capsules of Yiling Pharmaceutical Approved in mauritius. Firstly, to our knowledge, this meta-analysis provides the most comprehensive evaluation of the clinical safety of LHQW. Data were considered statistically significant at p values <0.05. Lianhua-qingwen Displays Antiviral and Anti-inflammatory Activity and Synergistic Effects with Oseltamivir against Influenza B Virus Infection in the Mouse Model. Pharmacological Action, Clinical Application and Adverse Reactions of Houttuynia Cordata. Meanwhile, the median effective concentrations (EC50) in above-mentioned effects were 0.042, 0.031, 0.051 and 0.050mg/mL, respectively, while the prevention effect on virus adsorption was the strongest [25]. Inhibitorv Effect of Lianhua Oingwen Water Extract on Methicillin-Resistant staphylococcus Aureus Biofilm In Vitro. Chen J., Wang Y.K., Gao Y., Hu L.S., Yang J.W., Wang J.R., Sun W.J., Liang Z.Q., Cao Y.M., Cao Y.B. A recent clinical trial including 36 common cold with wind-heat syndrome patients demonstrated that LHQW (three times daily for four days) treatment could significantly reduce TCM symptom score, with the median time to fever relief of (45) h and the median time to fever clearance of 36h [35]. Zhang, R. X., and Liu, W. W. (2014). Measuring Inconsistency in Meta-Analyses. Pharmacol. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher. Broad Anti-viral Capacities of Lian-Hua-Qing-Wen Capsule and Jin-Hua-Qing-gan Granule and Rational Use against Covid-19 Based on Literature Mining. Wang L., Yang Z.H., Zhang H.R., Yu H.X., Yang K., Fu B.H., Yang H.T. A multicenter retrospective study showed similar results, which revealed that combined application of LHQW granules (6g, tid) could notably improve the clinical symptoms of fever, fatigue, cough, expectoration, chest tightness, and anorexia, and reduce the proportion of common to severe cases in COVID-19 patients with common type [20]. Pharmacol. However, both groups did not differ in the rate of conversion to severe cases or viral assay findings. Experimental study on prevention and treatment of influenza virus FM1 infection in mice by Lianhua Qingwen capsule. Effects of Four Types of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicines for the Treatment of Covid-19 in china: a Network Meta-Analysis. Fujian J. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of heart rate and arrhythmia between the LHQW group and the conventional drug group (RR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.231.93, p = 0.454). FIGURE 1. The results of quantitative analyses are presented in Table 1 and the statistical significance of Forest plots shown in Supplementary Figure S1. Li J.Y., You Z., Wang Q., Zhou Z.J., Qiu Y., Luo R., Ge X.Y. Sensitivity analysis was performed by assessing the stability of the results after removal of individual studies. and transmitted securely. The following information was collected from each qualifying study: first authors name, year, treating disease, sample size, number of male and female, age, adverse reactions, dispose or outcome of adverse reactions. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Lianhua Qingwen Prescription, as a traditional Chinese medicine prescription, has extensive antiviral and immunomodulatory effects on a series of influenza viruses. Lv R.B., Wang W.J., Li X. Natural herbal medicine Lianhuaqingwen capsule anti-influenza A (H1N1) trial: a randomized, double blind, positive controlled clinical trial. Med. A Working List of All Plant Species. J. Ethnopharmacol. Lianhua Qingwen, the traditional Chinese medicine recently approved for use in the Philippines by the country's Food and Drugs Administration (FDA), only treats symptoms of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and not the disease itself, a traditional Chinese medicine physician said Tuesday. Further clinical trial showed that LHQW was superior to oseltamivir in improving the symptoms of influenza A virus infection by a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials [37]. Previous studies reported that Lianhua Qingwen might have positive effects, including broad-spectrum antiviral, cough and expectorant, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory, immune-regulating, effective antibacterial and other systemic intervention functions (Liu et al., 2010; Liu 2015; Wang, et al., 2015). Lu Y., Yang J., Wang X., Ma Z., Li S., Liu Z., Fan X. As the Financial Times report showed, these appeared to be serious conflicts of interest as the investments benefited from the PRC and HK governments' rapid approval and then widespread national & international promotion of Lianhua Qingwen and other suspect treatments for purportedly helping COVID-19 sufferers. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew science (2021). doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-2809.2020.13.020, Liu, C. Y., Li, X. Q., and Cai, S. Q. 152 (3), 393402. Progress on the efficacy and clinical application of Lianhua Qingwen capsule (LHQW). Seven studies reporting treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were included, among which two described adverse reactions. Medicine (Baltimore). In addition, LHQW treatment efficiently impaired the nuclear export of the viral RNPl [24]. Results of publication bias and sensitivity analysis. Theoretical research basis and clinical efficacy of Lianhua Qingwen in treating Novel Coronavious pneumonica. It is not registered as a COVID-19 medication, and a doctor's prescription is required for its use. It cannot be taken as prophylaxis or as a health supplement. (2015). LYY19H280006, No. The incidence of nervous system damage was lower in the LHQW group compared to the conventional drug group (RR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.180.32, p < 0.001). System-Organ Code Retrieval Involved. As Chinese Pharmacopoeia records, LHQW consists of 13 ingredients: Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Subgroup analysis was performed based on adverse reactions and sensitivity analysis implemented to investigate the influence of each study on the overall evaluation by excluding studies in turn. The Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool comprising seven items was applied to assess the risk of bias of each eligible study (Higgins et al., 2011). Heterogeneity was evaluated using I2 statistic. Li H.R., Chang L.P., Wei C., Jia Z.H. Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). Six studies were included on treatment of herpes zoster and reported the adverse reactions. (2020). For hand-foot-mouth disease, sample size (p = 0.082), year of publication (p = 0.795), and treatment of the control group (p = 0.701) did not explain the issue of heterogeneity. Jie Chen, Qin Chen and Hua-Qian Jin analyzed literatures. doi:10.11816/cn.ni.2015-134443. 17 studies focused on the treatment of Influenza A (H1N1), 12 of which reported adverse reactions. The results remained statistically robust after different number supplement of potential studies (for hepatobiliary system damage: RR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.60 to 1.34; for psychiatric disorders: RR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.20 to 4.91; for gastrointestinal system damage: RR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.76 to 0.98; for body as a whole-general disorders: RR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.212.56). Med. Are there any known contraindications? Several limitations of our meta-analysis should be taken into consideration. In total, 95 studies reported randomization data while 93 did not provide information on randomization, and the remaining 29 were grouped according to order of intervention or hospitalization. Wang S.H., Liu J.F., Zhang Y.L., Dong Z. [citation needed]. The discovery of potential effective drugs on the market becomes one of the principal means to develop antiviral drugs for COVID-19. Pract. The literature materials were collected from the scientific databases including the Pubmed, CNKI and Web of Science (up to August 8, 2020), on ethnobotany and ethno medicines. (2020). doi:10.1142/S0192415X20500378. In this analysis, the incidence of adverse reactions during treatment of influenza was lower in the LHQW group compared to the conventional drug group (RR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.630.87, p < 0.001). In recent years, LHQW has been registered to obtain marketing authorization in Canada, Brazil, Singapore, Thailand, the Philippines, Kuwait and other countries under the designation Chinese patent medicine, medicine, physical natural health products, food supplement, modern botanical medicine or natural medicine (Yiling Pharmaceutical, 2020). Traditional Chinese medicine has accumulated substantial clinical experience over thousands of years. Individuals w/ cold deficiencies in spleen & stomach or w/ qi. The quantitative analysis of all eligible studies. Yao K.T., Liu M.Y., Li X., Huang J.H., Cai H.B. First, the data indicated that LHQW combined with conventional therapies could markedly improve the clinical symptoms, quality of life and absorption of lung infiltration during anti-viral therapy, but the level of evidence is weak due to the included small sample trial and lacking the classification of disease severity. For thousands of years, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays an important role in treating human diseases [[9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14]]. Statistics showed that infected patients in China who received combined treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine and modern medicine exhibited lower fatality rate and relatively better clinical outcomes. [13], A 2020 "randomized controlled trial" of LHQW involving Zhong was also found in April 2022 to have undisclosed funding from Yiling Pharmaceuticals, forcing an erratum. [Cruciferae; Isatudus Radix] (255g), Dryopteris crassirhizoma Nakai [Polypodiaceae; Dryopteris Crassirhizomatis Rhizoma] (255g), Houttuynia cordata Thunb. A Trial of Lopinavir-Ritonavir in Covid-19. Role of LHQW in the treatment of COVID-19. Upon full text filtering of the remaining 715 citations, 498 were excluded due to a number of reasons (shown in Figure 1). It argued that there was thus no reasonable basis for the mass distribution of the medication to healthy individuals to begin with, let alone doing so in a way that took up transportation capacity and resources that were urgently needed elsewhere. Given the small number of documents included and the low quality, the efficacy and safety of Lianhua Qingwen Capsules shall be confirmed by more high-quality clinical studies. Wang C., Horby P.W., Hayden F.G., Gao G.F. A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern. Traditional Chinese medicine formulation used for the treatment of influenza, Uses and controversies of Lianhua Qingwen in relation to COVID-19, by region, "How traditional Chinese medicine TCM is used to treat Covid-19", "The mechanisms and clinical application of Traditional Chinese Medicine Lianhua-Qingwen capsule", "Clinical applications and pharmacological research progress of Lianhua Qingwen capsules/granules", "Traditional Chinese cures battle for acceptance in COVID-19 fight", "Chinese traditional medicine for Covid-19 becomes money tree", "Efficacy of Lianhua Qingwen Compared with Conventional Drugs in the Treatment of Common Pneumonia and COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Meta-Analysis", "Doctors warn against claims that Beijing-touted health supplement distributed in Canada treats COVID-19", "The Adverse Reactions of Lianhua Qingwen Capsule/Granule Compared With Conventional Drug in Clinical Application: A Meta-Analysis", "Beijing pushes traditional Chinese medicine as coronavirus treatment", "China Covid-19 tsar pushed treatments without revealing business ties", "Efficacy and Safety of Lianhuaqingwen Capsules, a repurposed Chinese Herb, in Patients with Coronavirus disease 2019: A multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial", "Prominent Chinese scientist failed to disclose company ties in COVID-19 clinical trial paper", "DOH and FDA Clarify Claims on the Approval of Potential COVID-19 Treatments and Calls for Resignation of the SoH", "Lianhua Qingwen, the FDA-approved traditional Chinese med, only treats symptoms, not COVID", "HSA Advisory on Lianhua Qingwen Products for Prevention or Treatment of COVID-19", "Fraudulent Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Products", "Chinese medicine Lianhua Qingwen makes its way into community for COVID-19 treatment despite Australian ban", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lianhua_Qingwen&oldid=1143380058, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing expert attention from January 2023, Medicine articles needing expert attention, Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text, Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Treatment against various respiratory diseases including, This page was last edited on 7 March 2023, at 11:01. [Saururaceae; Houttuyniae Botanical drug] (255g), Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth. No proven effective antiviral treatments for COVID-19 pneumonia are available at present (Ahsan et al., 2020; Cao et al., 2020; Chan et al., 2020; Khan et al., 2020; Kupferschmidt and Cohen, 2020). Traditional Med. 81503129, No. (10), 100. Subgroup analysis showed the incidence of dizziness or headache was significantly reduced with LHQW group (RR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.340.84, p = 0.006), no statistical difference was detected for drowsiness and legacy neuralgia. Res. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. The complex components of LHQW stand for multiple targets and pleiotropic effects, but may also lead to more ADRs. Wu et al. Compared with the conventional drug group, the incidence of disease recurrence was lower in the LHQW group, implied that LHQW might could regulate and enhance the immune function of the body.
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